. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Comp Physiol B. 2009 Aug 25;180(2):211–220. doi: 10.1007/s00360-009-0395-8

Table 5.

Nonparametric tests of behavioral differences between fish from high and low predation populations

	Aggression: spines	Aggression: nips	Aggression: orienting	Antipredator: moves	Antipredator: spines	Antipredator: inspection	Antipredator: orienting
Mann–Whitney U	5,194.5	5,713.5	5,618.5	4,559.5	4,779.5	4,966.5	5,584.0
Z	−1.53	−0.46	−0.57	−2.87	−2.40	−2.44	−0.62
P	0.127	0.648	0.571	0.004	0.016	0.015	0.538

sn = 97 individuals from low predation populations, n = 121 individuals from high predation populations