Fig. 3.

Second-stage response time results. The bar graphs (a) show response times for choices at the second stage as a function of the preceding transition type for each age group. Error bars represent ±1 SEM. The scatterplots (b; with best-fitting regression lines) show the relationship between the reward-by-transition-type interaction effect (the model-based effect estimates) and the difference in response time between choices following rare transitions and those following common transitions for each age group. The gray bands represent ±1 SEM.