Table 2.

The onset latency of postural muscles (mean ± SE) relative to Deltoid burst onset are compared by repeated measure and MANOVA between muscles and groups accordingly

Muscles	Control	LBP	F value; groups comparison
R.A	72.34 ± 10.17	78.23 ± 10.74	0.16
E.O	0.45 ± 8.13	27 ± 8.58	5.05*
L.TrA/IO	−16.72 ± 10.16	18.73 ± 10.73	5.76*
R.TrA/IO	4.76 ± 5.74	28.23 ± 6.06	7.91**
E.S	−15.48 ± 3.49	−20.11 ± 3.68	0.83
Gc.M	8.07 ± 6.17	−12.11 ± 6.52	5.06*
F value; muscles comparison	19.42***	22.35***

The negative values indicating burst onset of postural muscles prior to deltoid. Asterisks represent Significant values (P value < 0.05)

LBP low back pain, R.A rectus abdominis, E.O external oblique, L.TrA/IO and R.TrA/IO left and right transverse abdominis/internal oblique, E.S erector spinae, Gc.M medial head of gastrocnemius

* P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001