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. 2016 Jun 9;7:823. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00823

FIGURE 6.

FIGURE 6

Cocaine activates p38 MAPK/MSK1/H3Ser10 signaling in THP-1macs infected with R5 tropic HIV-1 BAL virions. THP-1macs were inoculated with HIV-1 BAL virions and spinoculated for 2 h. These cells were then cultured with or without cocaine (25 μM). (A) Viral replication was monitored 72 hpi by measuring HIV-1 p24 protein in the cell lysates by immunoblot. (B) Fold change in p24 levels in cocaine-treated cells relative to untreated cells. (C) Levels of total p38 MAPK and phospho-p38 MAPK, total MSK1 and phosphor-MSK1, and total H3 Ser10, and phosphor-H3 Ser10 were measured in the lysates by immunoblot. (D) Fold change in respective phosphorylated protein levels in cocaine-treated cells relative to untreated cells. The results are expressed as mean ± SE for three independent experiments. ∗p < 0.05 is for the comparison of cocaine treated cells vs. untreated cells.