Figure 2.

Example of the exact contingencies connected with responding to the different cues presented during the testing phase (see Figure 1B) in a judgment bias tasks (JBT; programmed consequences of choices as used in Murphy et al., 2013). Under these or similar testing conditions, the animal already has been trained to respond correctly to the S⁺ and S⁻. As the response to the ambiguous cues does not yield reward, the animal may learn that these cues represent a new class of stimuli.