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. 2016 Jun 7;7:11596. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11596

Figure 4. Attenuation of arthritis by N. brasiliensis depends on the activation of the IL-4/IL-13/STAT6 pathway.

Figure 4

(a) Arthritis score from WT, 4–13ko and 4–13Tko with or without N. brasiliensis (Nb) challenge (n=4–6 per group). (b,c) Haematoxylin/eosin (H&E) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and quantification of inflammation area, erosion area and number of osteoclasts (N.Oc) per paw on day 9 post K/BxN serum transfer in the indicated group of mice (n=4–6 per group); scale bar, 500 μm. (d) Arthritis scores and corresponding H&E and TRAP stainings in unchallenged WT mice and Nb-challenged WT and Stat6−/− mice (n=3–5 per group); scale bar, 500 μm. (e) Arthritis score in unchallenged WT mice and Nb-challenged WT=>WT and WT=>Stat6−/− chimeras (n=5 per group); scale bar, 500 μm. (f) Percentage of eosinophils on day 9 post serum transfer in unchallenged WT and Nb-challenged WT and 4–13ko mice (n=4–8 per group). (g) Major Basic protein (MBP) staining in the joints of WT, Nb-challenged 4–13ko mice and eosinophil-deficient ΔdblGATA mice (negative control) on day 9 post K/BxN serum transfer and respective quantification of staining. All data are expressed as mean±s.e.m. Pictures are representative of 3 independent experiments. Asterisks mark statistically significant difference (*P<0.05, **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 determined by Student's t-test for single comparison (a,d,e compared with WT without infection) or analysis of variance test for multiple comparisons (c,f,g)).