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. 2016 Jun 9;6:27474. doi: 10.1038/srep27474

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Copyright © 2016, Macmillan Publishers Limited

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(a) The normalized stiffness K/K₀, where K₀ is the fiber stiffness at t = 0, as a function of time when no regulation is applied. The number of D and R particles are indicated by N_D and N_R. (b) The standard deviation σ_k of the local spring constants k as a function of time when there is no regulation. In panels (c,d), we show the normalized stiffness and the standard deviation as a function of time for the TCM model. In both cases, colors indicate different time periods t_u at which the particles are updated to replace a fraction of them with new ones. The inset shows a close-up of the fiber stiffness for t_u = 10 and 100. The parameters used in the simulations were: N_s = 10³; γ = 0.995, p_off = 0.5. These results were obtained from an average of 500 simulations.