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. 2016 Jun 9;6:62. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2016.00062

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Copyright © 2016 Yao, Saenkham, Levy, Ibanez, Noroy, Mendoza, Huot, Meyer and Tamborindeguy.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Nymphal survival percentage and average immature developmental time of each colony. (A) The percentage of nymphal survival was calculated as the number of emerged adults out of the total number of hatched eggs. Each bar represents the mean and standard error of nymphal survival percentage of n = 6 experimental replicates. Letters indicate statistical differences between insect classes at p ≤ 0.05 using LSD t-test. (B) Immature potato psyllid development time was measured as the time between the appearance of first instar and first adult emergence. Each bar represents the mean and standard error of the immature development period in days of n = 6 experimental replicates [F_{(2, 15)} = 3.37, p = 0.0619].