Table 3.
Details of patient samples tested.
| Group | Clinical signs | Sample type (number of samples) | Collection dates | Collection locations | Mean age in years (range) | 95% CI (years) | Sex ratio | Test used | Number (proportion) of positive |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dengue-like/ influenza-like illness | Acute and convalescent sera (n=510 including 98 acute, 214 convalescent and 198 paired sera) | 2005-2010 | Kampong Cham, various | 11.0 (4 months to 70 years) |
10.0-12.0 | 0.44 | IgG ELISA | 89 (17.4%) - Acute sera: 33 (33.7%) - Convalescence sera: 25 (11.7%) - Paired sera: 31 (15.7%) with evidence of seroconversion in 7 pairs (3.5%) |
| 2 | Healthy individuals (community dengue seroprevalence study) | Sera (n=529) | 2009 | Kampong Cham | 10.0 (1 month-20 years) | 9.59-10.42 | 0.50 | IgG ELISA | 70 (13.23%) |
| 3 | Meningo-encephalitis | Cerebrospinal fluid (n=200£) | 2013-2014 | Various | 6.5 (3 months-15 years) | 5.95-7.06 | 0.40 | Real Time RT-PCR | 0 (0%) |
| 4 | Dengue-like febrile illness | Sera collected during febrile stage (n=253*) | 2009, 2011-2013 | Various | 8.2 (1 to 38 years) |
7.6-8.8 | 0.48 | Semi-nested RT-PCR | 0 (0%) |
| 5a | Influenza-like illness (negative for four common respiratory viruses) | Nasopharyngeal swabs (n=328) | 2007-2012 | Various | 13.2 (1 month to 83 years) |
12.0-14.4 | 0.51 | Semi-nested RT-PCR | 4 (1.2%) |
| 5b | Influenza-like illness (positive for four common respiratory viruses) | Nasopharyngeal swabs (n=392#) | 0 (0%) | ||||||
| 6 | Acute lower respiratory infection | Nasopharyngeal swabs (n=279$) | 2008-2009 | Various | 2.7 (7 months to 63 years) |
2.1-3.4 | 0.41 | Semi-nested RT-PCR | 2 (0.7%) |
| 7 | Healthy individuals (H5N1 contacts) – negative control | Nasopharyngeal swabs (n=266§) | 2005-2011 | Various | 29.3 (1 to 79 years) |
27.1-31.5 | 0.45 | Semi-nested RT-PCR | 0 (0%) |
| 8 | Healthy anti-rabies vaccination volunteers – negative control | Nasopharyngeal swabs (n=238¥) | 2013 | Institute Pasteur Cambodia (Phnom Penh) | 26.7 (9 months to 83 years) |
24.5-28.8 | 0.56 | Semi-nested RT-PCR | 0 (0%) |
CI = Confidence Interval.
£ 3 no information on age; * 8 no information on age and sex; # 2 no information on age and sex; $ 1 no information on age; § 5 no information on age and sex; 51 no information on sex; ¥ 5 no information on age and sex.