Table 1. Baseline characteristics and heavy metal levels of elderly males according to the presence of sarcopenia^a).

^a)All values are presented as means±standard deviation and percentage distribution of participant, as appropriate. Significance was compared between non-sarcopenia and sarcopenia using Student's t-test or Chi-square test. The unweighted sample size was presented in the table, but the results presented reflect the weighted sample. ^b)Moderate physical activity was 5 or more days of moderate-intensity activity of at least 30 min per day. ^c)Walking physical activity was 5 or more days of walking of at least 30 min per day.

BMI, body mass index; SMI, skeletal muscle index; BMD, bone mass density; PTH, parathyroid hormone.