Table 2.
A simple overview of the five major diabetes trials of newer agents reported to date
| Therapy | Trial | N | Population | Follow-up duration | HbA1c difference during follow-up (%) | Primary outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saxagliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) |
SAVOR−TIMI 53 | 16,492 | +CVD (80%) or –CVD at high risk (20%) | 24 months | 0.2–0.3% | CVD death, NF MI or stroke |
| Alogliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) |
EXAMINE | 5,380 | MI or UA within last 15–90 days | 18 months | 0.36% | CVD death, NF MI or stroke |
| Sitagliptin (DPP-4 inhibitor) |
TECOS | 14,671 | +CVD | 36 months | 0.3% | CVD death, NF MI or stroke, hospitalisation for UA |
| Lixisenatide (GLP-1R agonist) |
ELIXA | 6,068 | MI or UA within last 180 days | 25 months | 0.27% | CVD death, NF MI or stroke, hospitalisation for UA |
| Empagliflozin (SGLT2 inhibitor) |
EMPA-REG Outcomes | 7,020 | +CVD | 37 months | 0.3–0.5% | CVD death, NF MI or stroke |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; ELIXA, Evaluation of Lixisenatide in Acute Coronary Syndrome; MI, myocardial infarction, NF, non-fatal; UA, unstable angina