Table 2.
Comparison of upregulation incidences and detection accuracies of SFs and CEA in GC and CRC
| Protein | mRNA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stomach | Colon and rectum | GC vs. CRC, % difference (p b) | Stomach | Colon and rectum | GC vs. CRC, % difference (p b) | |
| UIa in paired samples; upregulated pair, n/total pair, n (%) | ||||||
| HNRNPA1 or HNRNPA1 | 31/60 (52) | 106/121 (88) | 36 (< 0.001) | 20/45 (44) | 55/96 (57) | 13 (0.214) |
| SRSF1 or SRSF1 | 13/60 (22) | 38/121 (31) | 10 (0.232) | 17/45 (38) | 37/96 (39) | 1 (0.921) |
| SRSF3 or SRSF3 | 20/60 (33) | 89/121 (74) | 40 (< 0.001) | 20/45 (44) | 46/96 (48) | 3 (0.838) |
| SRSF5 or SRSF5 | 15/60 (25) | 48/121 (40) | 15 (0.074) | 16/45 (36) | 20/96 (21) | −15 (0.097) |
| SRSF6 or SRSF6 | 17/60 (28) | 63/121 (52) | 24 (0.004) | 16/45 (36) | 46/96 (48) | 12 (0.232) |
| SRSF7 or SRSF7 | 25/60 (42) | 69/121 (57) | 15 (0.115) | 18/45 (40) | 45/96 (47) | 7 (0.559) |
| CEA | 32/60 (53) | 111/121 (92) | 38 (< 0.001) | – | – | – |
| Detection accuracy, AUC | ||||||
| Allc (Sensitivity%/Specificity%) | n = 147 | n = 258 | n = 111 | n = 202 | ||
| low-stage ACd | n = 127 | n = 197 | n = 95 | n = 153 | ||
| high-stage ACd | n = 103 | n = 193 | n = 78 | n = 152 | ||
| HNRNPA1 or HNRNPA1 | 0.74 (72/71) | 0.90e (85/86) | 17 (< 0.001) | 0.58e,f (69/50) | 0.69e,f (54/78) | 11 (0.117) |
| 0.71 | 0.93 | 23 (< 0.001) | 0.54e | 0.71e,f | 17 (0.030) | |
| 0.77 | 0.89e | 11 (0.141) | 0.64e | 0.64e,f | 0 (1.000) | |
| SRSF1 or SRSF1 | 0.58e,f (95/23) | 0.62e,f (42/82) | 4 (0.487) | 0.55e,f (49/65) | 0.61e,f (88/35) | 6 (0.399) |
| 0.56e | 0.66e,f | 10 (0.147) | 0.53e | 0.62e,f | 9 (0.252) | |
| 0.66e | 0.58e,f | −8 (0.314) | 0.63e | 0.58e,f | −6 (0.552) | |
| SRSF3 or SRSF3 | 0.53e,f (53/57) | 0.84e,f (81/78) | 32 (<0.001) | 0.59e,f (71/52) | 0.65e,f (75/51) | 7 (0.322) |
| 0.56e,f | 0.84e,f | 28 (< 0.001) | 0.54e | 0.68e,f | 14 (0.069) | |
| 0.55e,f | 0.84e | 29 (< 0.001) | 0.60e | 0.62e,f | 16 (0.866) | |
| SRSF5 or SRSF5 | 0.51e,f (60/51) | 0.62e,f (35/89) | 11 (0.062) | 0.52e,f (91/23) | 0.52e,f (78/38) | 0 (0.953) |
| 0.53e,f | 0.65e,f | 12 (0.101) | 0.54e | 0.51e,f | −3 (0.718) | |
| 0.62e | 0.58e,f | −3 (0.701) | 0.53e,f | 0.54e,f | 1 (0.914) | |
| SRSF6 or SRSF6 | 0.61e,f (38/89) | 0.76e,f (51/96) | 14 (0.006) | 0.58e,f (56/62) | 0.67e,f (60/68) | 9 (0.192) |
| 0.60e | 0.78e,f | 18 (0.004) | 0.53e,f | 0.68e,f | 15 (0.062) | |
| 0.56e,f | 0.74e,f | 18 (0.032) | 0.61e | 0.65e,f | 4 (0.699) | |
| SRSF7 or SRSF7 | 0.63e (30/84) | 0.74e,f (59/83) | 11 (0.066) | 0.54e,f (38/80) | 0.65e,f (85/43) | 11 (0.125) |
| 0.61e | 0.75e,f | 15 (0.036) | 0.53e | 0.66e,f | 12 (0.126) | |
| 0.71e | 0.73e,f | 3 (0.755) | 0.70e | 0.64e,f | −6 (0.474) | |
| CEA | 0.76 (57/89) | 0.96f (92/94) | 20 (< 0.001) | – | – | – |
| 0.77g | 0.97 | 20 (< 0.001) | – | – | – | |
| 0.90g | 0.99f | 9 (0.037) | – | – | – | |
Abbreviations: AC adenocarcinoma, AUC area under the curve, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, CRC colorectal cancer, GC gastric cancer, NM normal mucosa, UI upregulation incidence
aUIs in cancer were acquired using paired samples from the same patient (cancer/NM >2-fold)
b p value was acquired by chi-square test
cAUCs were acquired for all types of cancer (including non-AC), regardless of TNM stage
dAUCs were acquired for low-stage AC (TNM stage I/II AC) or for high-stage AC (TNM stage III/IV AC)
e p < 0.05: compared with the respective AUC of CEA; p values for the paired AUC were acquired by the DeLong test
f p < 0.05: compared with the respective AUC of HNRNPA1; p values for the paired AUC acquired by the DeLong test
g p < 0.05: AUC of low-stage AC vs. AUC of high-stage AC; p values were acquired by independent receiver operating characteristic curve comparison test