TABLE 1.

Descriptive characteristics of invasive breast cancer cases and controls^a

Characteristic	Cases		Controls		P Valueb
	N	%	N	%
Age (yr)
<50	923	34.4	1,131	32.2	0.002
50–59	936	34.9	1,378	39.3
>59	827	30.8	999	28.5
Race
Caucasian	2,602	96.9	3,349	95.5	0.005
Other	69	2.6	135	3.8
Education (yr)
<12	156	5.8	243	6.9	0.20
12	1,073	40.0	1,381	39.4
>12	1,448	53.9	1,877	53.5
Body mass index (kg/m2)
Premenopausal women
<24	521	48.3	563	41.7	0.001
24–27	310	28.8	402	29.8
>27	247	22.9	386	28.6
Postmenopausal women
<24	485	32.4	697	34.9	0.32
24–27	506	33.8	654	32.7
>27	505	33.8	649	32.5
Age at menarche (yr)
<12	576	21.4	716	20.4	0.21
12–14	1,794	66.8	2,325	66.3
>14	291	10.8	426	12.1
Parity
Nulliparous	381	14.2	405	11.5	0.001
1–2	1,172	43.6	1,384	39.5
>2	1,129	42.0	1,713	48.8
Menopausal status
Premenopausal	1,066	41.2	1,346	39.9	0.32
Postmenopausal	1,519	58.8	2,023	60.1
Family history of breast cancer
No	2,138	79.6	3,053	87.0	0.001
Yes	533	19.8	435	12.4
History of benign breast disease
No	1,846	68.7	2,670	76.1	0.001
Yes	808	30.1	810	23.1
Recent alcohol consumption (drinks/wk)
0	466	17.4	632	18.0	0.03
<2	1,172	43.7	1,606	45.8
2–4	364	13.6	490	14.0
4+	682	25.4	776	22.1
Smoking
Never smokers	1,277	47.7	1,617	46.3	0.44
Past smoker	843	31.5	1,110	31.8
Current smoker	556	20.8	766	21.9
Total fruit and vegetable intake (servings/day)
<2	592	22.0	783	22.3	0.80
2–<4	1,487	55.4	1,913	54.5
4+	607	22.6	812	23.1
Multivitamin use
Yes	1,040	39.5	1,444	42.1	0.04
No	1,593	60.5	1,986	57.9

^aCases N = 2,686; controls N = 3,508. Column totals are unequal due to missing data.

^bChi-square P value comparing distributions in cases to controls.