TABLE 4.
Meat consumption, heterocyclic amine intake, and breast cancer risk according to NAT2 acetylator status (postmenopausal women only)a
| Rapid Acetylators
|
Slow Acetylators
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cases (77) | Controls (117) | OR (95% CI)b | OR (95% CI)c | Cases (120) | Controls (135) | OR (95% CI)b | OR (95% CI)c | |
| All meat | ||||||||
| Lowd | 40 | 53 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 63 | 63 | 1.34 (0.78–2.30) | 1.50 (0.84–2.69) |
| High | 37 | 64 | 0.80 (0.45–1.43) | 1.05 (0.57–1.97) | 57 | 72 | 1.12 (0.65–1.93) | 1.35 (0.75–2.43) |
| P value interaction between NAT2 and all meat intake = 0.76 | ||||||||
| PhIP | ||||||||
| Low | 42 | 59 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 57 | 65 | 1.22 (0.71–2.08) | 1.32 (0.75–2.35) |
| High | 35 | 58 | 0.85 (0.47–1.52) | 1.05 (0.56–1.95) | 63 | 70 | 1.32 (0.78–2.24) | 1.51 (0.85–2.67) |
| P value interaction between NAT2 and PhIP exposure = 0.75 | ||||||||
| Total mutagenic activity | ||||||||
| Low | 44 | 57 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.0 (ref) | 64 | 59 | 1.44 (0.84–2.45) | 1.65 (0.93–2.93) |
| High | 33 | 60 | 0.77 (0.43–1.38) | 0.95 (0.50–1.81) | 56 | 76 | 1.02 (0.60–1.75) | 1.13 (0.64–1.99) |
| P value interaction between NAT2 and total mutagenic activity = 0.50 | ||||||||
a
Abbreviations are as follows: NAT2, N-acetyltransferase2; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ref, reference; PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl- 6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine.
b
Adjusted for age and state of residence
c
Adjusted for age, state of residence, BMI, education, alcohol intake, age at menarche, age at first birth, family history of breast cancer, history of benign breast disease (BBD), parity, multivitamin use, postmenopausal hormone use, fruit and vegetable intake, and smoking (smoking status and pack years)
d
High and low categories were determined by the mean of the intake.