Table 2.
Summary of probiotic cohort studies in premature infants
| Author Year | Country | Probiotic Species (strain) | Brand (Company) | Population | Dose × duration | Number enrolled | NEC cases Stage 2, 3 | Culture + sepsis cases | Deaths | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prob | Cont | Prob | Cont | Prob | Cont | Prob | Cont | ||||||
| Dang 201592 | USA | L rhamnosus (GG) + B infantis (NR) | Culturelle (Amerifit) + Align (Proctor and Gamble) | BW < 1250g and/or GA < 28w | 1e9/d until 34w | 128 | 135 | 2 | 8 | NR | NR | 19 | 21 |
| Repa 201593 | Austria | L acidophilus + B infantis(NR) | Infloran (Laboratoriofarmaceutico) | BW < 1500g | 2e9 BID (NR) | 230 | 233 | 16 | 24 | 60 | 78 | 16 | 30 |
| Hartel 201494 | Germany | L acidophilus + B infantis(NR) | Infloran (Berna) | BW < 1500g + GA < 32w | 1e9/d × 14d | 3789 | 1562 | 116* | 76* | 428 | 195 | 292 | 160 |
| Janvier 201495 | Canada | B bifidum + B breve + B infantis + B longum + L rhamnosus (NR + GG) | FloraBA BY (Renew Life) | GA < 32w | 2e9/d until 34w | 294 | 317 | 16 | 31 | 54 | 57 | 20 | 31 |
| Bonsante 201396 | France | L rhamnosus (LCR35) | Lcr Restituo (Probionov) | GA 24-31w | 2e8 BID until 36w | 347 | 783 | 4 | 41 | 37 | 130 | 8 | 38 |
| Li 201397 | USA | B bifidum + B infantis + S thermophilus | NR | BW < 1500g | NR | 291 | 289 | 7 | 8 | NR | NR | 4 | 3 |
| Hunter 201298 | USA | L reuteri (DSM 17938) | BioGaia (BioGaia) | BW < 1000g | 5.5e7/d until 40w | 79 | 232 | 2 | 35 | 19 | 72 | NR | NR |
| Luoto 201099 | Finland | L rhamnosus (GG) | NR | BW < 1500g | 6e9/d until discharge | 418 | 1900 | 19 | 61 | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Yamashiro 2010100 | Japan | B breve (M-16 V) | NR | BW < 1500g | 1e9/d (NR) | 338 | 226 | 0 | 6 | 70 | 65 | 39 | 38 |
| Hoyos 1999101 | Colombia | L acidophilus + B infantis | Infloran | All NICU admit | 5e8/d (NR) | 1237 | 1282 | 34 | 85 | 69 | 70 | 137 | 140 |
| Total | 7151 | 6959 | 100 | 299 | 737 | 667 | 535 | 461 | |||||
| % of reported | 100 | 100 | 1.40 | 4.30 | 11.67 | 14.37 | 8.04 | 9.55 | |||||
NR: not reported, BW: birth weight, GA: gestational age, g: grams, w: weeks, d: days
2e9: 2×109 organisms, Prob: probiotic, Cont: control
Only surgical NEC reported