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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Ther. 2016 Feb 9;38(4):716–732. doi: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2016.01.006

Table 2.

Summary of probiotic cohort studies in premature infants

Author Year Country Probiotic Species (strain) Brand (Company) Population Dose × duration Number enrolled NEC cases Stage 2, 3 Culture + sepsis cases Deaths
Prob Cont Prob Cont Prob Cont Prob Cont
Dang 201592 USA L rhamnosus (GG) + B infantis (NR) Culturelle (Amerifit) + Align (Proctor and Gamble) BW < 1250g and/or GA < 28w 1e9/d until 34w 128 135 2 8 NR NR 19 21
Repa 201593 Austria L acidophilus + B infantis(NR) Infloran (Laboratoriofarmaceutico) BW < 1500g 2e9 BID (NR) 230 233 16 24 60 78 16 30
Hartel 201494 Germany L acidophilus + B infantis(NR) Infloran (Berna) BW < 1500g + GA < 32w 1e9/d × 14d 3789 1562 116* 76* 428 195 292 160
Janvier 201495 Canada B bifidum + B breve + B infantis + B longum + L rhamnosus (NR + GG) FloraBA BY (Renew Life) GA < 32w 2e9/d until 34w 294 317 16 31 54 57 20 31
Bonsante 201396 France L rhamnosus (LCR35) Lcr Restituo (Probionov) GA 24-31w 2e8 BID until 36w 347 783 4 41 37 130 8 38
Li 201397 USA B bifidum + B infantis + S thermophilus NR BW < 1500g NR 291 289 7 8 NR NR 4 3
Hunter 201298 USA L reuteri (DSM 17938) BioGaia (BioGaia) BW < 1000g 5.5e7/d until 40w 79 232 2 35 19 72 NR NR
Luoto 201099 Finland L rhamnosus (GG) NR BW < 1500g 6e9/d until discharge 418 1900 19 61 NR NR NR NR
Yamashiro 2010100 Japan B breve (M-16 V) NR BW < 1500g 1e9/d (NR) 338 226 0 6 70 65 39 38
Hoyos 1999101 Colombia L acidophilus + B infantis Infloran All NICU admit 5e8/d (NR) 1237 1282 34 85 69 70 137 140
Total 7151 6959 100 299 737 667 535 461
% of reported 100 100 1.40 4.30 11.67 14.37 8.04 9.55

NR: not reported, BW: birth weight, GA: gestational age, g: grams, w: weeks, d: days

2e9: 2×109 organisms, Prob: probiotic, Cont: control

*

Only surgical NEC reported