Figure 26.
Catecholaminergic effectors associated with different homeostats. The different effector patterns result in “primitive specificity” of responses to different stressors. Effectors involving the catecholamines norepinephrine (sympathetic nervous system, SNS), epinephrine (sympathetic adrenergic system, SAS), or dopamine (DOPA-dopamine system, DDS) are in color. Other effectors depicted are the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS), arginine vasopressin system (AVP), insulin (INS), glucagon (GLU), the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS), the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid system (HPT), and the sympathetic cholinergic system (SCS).