Table 2.
The PET imaging studies of dopamine release/baseline occupancy in schizophrenia
| Study | Medication status MN/MF/M/HC | Phenotype | Radiotracer | Study Type | Findings (standard effect size) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abi-Dargham et al. 1998a | 2/13/0/15 | 13 Chronic 2 FEP | [123I]IBZM | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (0.79) |
| Abi-Dargham et al. 2009c | 6/0/0/8 | FEP | [123I]IBZM | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (1.32) |
| Breier et al. 1997 | 4/7/0/12 | Chronic | [11C] raclopride | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (0.88) |
| Laruelle et al. 1996 | 0/15/0/15 | Chronic | [123I]IBZM | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (0.96) |
| Laruelle et al. 1999b | 7/27/0/36 | 27 Chronic 7 FEP | [123I]IBZM | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (0.91) |
| Mizrahi et al. 2012 | 10/0/0/12 | FEP | [11C]-+-PHNO | MIST Induced | ↑ (1.37) |
| Pogarell et al. 2012 | 0/8/0/7 | FEP | [123I]IBZM | Amphetamine Induced | ↑ (1.19) |
| Abi-Dargham et al 2000 | 8/10/0/18 | 10 chronic 8 FEP | [123I]IBZM | AMPT depletion | ↑ (1.08) |
| Kegeles et al. 2010d | 6/12/0/18 | FEP/Chronic | [11C] raclopride | AMPT depletion | - (0.63) |
↑ = significantly higher in patient group; ↓ = significantly lower level in patient group; - = no significant difference
[123I]IBZM - [123I](S)-(-)-3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-N- [(1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl]benzamide; [11C]-+-PHNO - [11C]-(+)-4-propyl-9-hydroxynaphthoxazine; MIST – Montreal imaging stress task
FEP- first episode psychosis; MN- antipsychotic naïve; HC – healthy control; M – currently taking antipsychotic medication; MF- antipsychotic free
Abi-dargham et al.report a larger effect size of 1.06 as only the control group SD isincluded in their calculation (as opposed to both patient and control SDs)
Includes 30pts from Laruelle et al. 1996 and Abi-Dargham et al.1998
Includes patients from Abi-dargham et al. 2000
Significant change only found for associative striatum not striatum overall