Table 1.
Charecteristics of included studies
| Study |
No. of patient
(+ / -) 1 |
Age 2 (years) | Male (%) | Reference / Index | Transducer / Operator | Sampling | Weaknesses |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ma 1997 ( 27 ) | 26 / 214 | NR | NR | CT / US, CXR | 3.5-to 2.5-MHz / EP | Consecutive | Retrospective design |
| Abboud 2003 ( 28 ) | 14 / 126 | 38 (5–89) | NR | CT / US | 3.75 MHz / EP |
Convenience | Time interval between US and CT scan was varied; Blinding was not performed |
| Brooks 2004 ( 18 ) | 12 / 49 | NR | NR | CT / US | 4- to 2-MHz / EP |
Convenience | Small sample size; Possibility of selection bias |
| Traub 2007 ( 31 ) | 16 / 125 | 47 (18-89) | 75 | CT / CXR | NA / Radiologist |
Convenience | Retrospective design Possibility of selection bias |
| Hyacinthe 2012 ( 19 ) | 35 / 202 | 39 (22-51) | 82 | CT / US | 5- to 2-MHz / EP |
Consecutive | Possibility of selection bias |
| Poveda 2012 ( 32 ) | 47 / 21 | 39 (16-70) | 89.7 | Surgery / US | 3.75 MHZ / Radiologist |
Convenience | Possibility of selection bias |
| Błasińska 2013 ( 33 ) | 24 / 36 | NR | NR | CT / CXR | NA / Radiologist |
Consecutive | Low sample size |
| Uz 2013 ( 34 ) | 21 / 86 | 37 (19.8) | 80.4 | CT/ US | 10-to 5-MHz / Radiologist | Consecutive | Low sample size |
| Chardoli 2013 ( 35 ) | 14 / 186 | 38 (16-90) | 84 | CT / CXR | NA / EP |
Convenience | The interpretation of the CXR and CT were not in blind fashion Possible selection bias |
| Leblanc 2014 ( 36 ) | 19 / 26 | 36 (15-56) | 71 | CT/ US, CXR | 5-to 1-MHz / Intensivist |
Convenience | Low sample size Possibility of selection bias |
| Langdorf 2015 ( 37 ) | 230 / 5682 | ≥ 15 | 57.4 | CT/ CXR | NA / Radiologist |
Convenience | Possibility of selection bias Variation in timing of CT and CXR |
| Vafaei 2015 ( 38 ) | 29 / 123 | 31 (4-67) | 77.6 | CT / US, CXR | 3.5-to 7-MHz / EP | Convenience | Possibility of selection bias |
1, (+ / -): Number of patient with hemothorax / number of patient without hemothorax; 2, Number are presented as mean ± standard deviation or (range). CT: Computed tomography; CXR: Chest radiography; EP: Emergency physician; NA: Not applicable; NR: Not Reported; US: Ultrasonography