Figure 10.

Loss of HAK5 and ILK1 Alters flg22 signaling responses. A, Flg22-induced root-growth inhibition is disrupted in hak5-3 mutants. Seedlings were grown for 5 d prior to transfer to liquid MS media containing 100 nm flg22 and primary root length was quantified 10 d after transfer (n = 24–32), where * indicates significant difference from the nonflg22 treatment within a line, P < 0.05. B, Flg22-induced marker gene induction is disrupted in hak5-3 mutants. FRK1 and WRKY29 expression were quantified after treatment with 1 μm flg22 for 2 h. Expression from five replicates was normalized to PP2A and expressed relative to untreated seedlings where * indicates significant difference from the wild type, P < 0.05. C and D, Membrane depolarization following 10 nm flg22 application in leaf mesophyll cells of the wild type (n = 12), ILK1-1 and K222A-1 plants (n = 5–7), ilk1-1 and hak5-3 plants (n = 9–12) and wild-type plants pretreated with 10 mm TEA for 1 h (n = 8). E, Midpoint of the flg22-induced depolarization time course between the onset and the final steady state for each genotype tested in (C) and (D), where * indicates significant difference from the wild type, P < 0.05. F, K⁺ concentration of the extracellular media surrounding flg22-treated leaf disks from (C) and (D), where * indicates significant difference from the wild type for a given time point, P < 0.05.