Table 1.
Baseline characteristics at MESA Stress I for individuals with and without type 2 diabetes
| Diabetes (n = 90) | Non-diabetes (n = 490) | p-value† | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean, SD) | 65.9 (8.51) | 63.3 (9.21) | 0.01 | ||
| Sex (N, %) | 0.73 | ||||
| Female | 46 | 51 % | 260 | 53 % | |
| Male | 44 | 49 % | 230 | 47 % | |
| Race/ethnicity (N, %) | <0.01 | ||||
| Non-Hispanic Whites | 4 | 4 % | 102 | 21 % | |
| African-Americans | 33 | 37 % | 127 | 26 % | |
| Hispanic Americans | 53 | 59 % | 261 | 53 % | |
| Smoking status‡ (N, %) | 0.26 | ||||
| Never | 38 | 42 % | 238 | 49 % | |
| Former | 46 | 51 % | 205 | 42 % | |
| Current | 6 | 7 % | 45 | 9 % | |
| Income wealth index‡ (N, %) | <0.01 | ||||
| (0–1) | 23 | 26 % | 76 | 16 % | |
| (2–3) | 32 | 36 % | 124 | 25 % | |
| (4–6) | 20 | 22 % | 212 | 43 % | |
| (7–8) | 15 | 17 % | 76 | 16 % | |
| Beta-blocker‡ (N, %) | 27 | 30 % | 63 | 13 % | <0.01 |
| Steroid use (inhale/oral)‡ (N, %) | 5 | 6 % | 14 | 3 % | 0.20 |
| Hormone replacement therapy (estrogen, progestins, premarin)‡ (N, %) | 3 | 3 % | 21 | 4 % | 0.66 |
| Aspirin‡ (N, %) | 43 | 48 % | 146 | 30 % | <0.01 |
| Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Score (median, interquartile range) | 6 | (11) | 6 | (10) | 0.18 |
| Waist circumference (cm) (mean, SD) | 107 (14.1) | 98.7 (13.8) | <0.01 | ||
| Fasting glucose (mg/dL) (mean, SD) | 141 (48.1) | 93.1 (9.97) | <0.01 | ||
| Follow-up years (mean, SD) | 5.96 (0.66) | 6.15 (0.71) | 0.01 | ||
†
p-value <0.05 indicates a statistically significant difference in the distribution of baseline individual characteristics between diabetes and non-diabetes groups using two-sample t test for continuous variables and Chi-square test for categorical variables
‡
Missing values in income wealth index (N = 2), beta-blocker (N = 14), steroid use (N = 14), hormone replacement therapy (N = 14), aspirin (N = 1), smoking (N = 2)