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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2016 Feb 18;21(3):162–173. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2016.02.001

Table 7.

Available high frequency ventilators and potential ventilator settings for initiation of neonatal high frequency nasal ventilation.

Ventilator Suggested Initial Settings
High Frequency Support
Suggested Initial Setting
Conventional Breaths *
3100A Frequency: 8–10 Hz
I:E Ratio: 1:2 or 1:1
Paw: Similar to MV or CPAP
Amp/ΔP: 2X Paw; adjust as needed
Cannot provide conventional breaths;
Limited by stiff tubing interface
Relative high pressure amplitude
VDR4 or Bronchotron Frequency: 5–8 Hz
I:E ratio: 1:1
Paw: Similar to MV or CPAP
Amp/ΔP: 2X Paw; adjust as needed
OPTIONAL NIPPV breaths
Frequency: 6–12 bpm
PIP: as needed to move chest; be careful to not provide excessive VT
Drager VN500 or Babylog 8000 @ Frequency: 6–10 Hz
I:E Ratio: 1:1
Paw: Similar to MV or CPAP
Amp/ΔP: 2X Paw; adjust as needed
ΔP may be less than above devices, particularly with Babylog 8000
OPTIONAL NIPPV breaths
Frequency: 6–12 bpm
PIP: 15–20 above Paw; adjust PRN to obtain minimal chest rise
Other devices:
Infant Star 950
Leoni Plus @
Stephanie/Sophie @
Life Pulse Jet
Comments:
Fixed I-time at 18 msec, “synchronized” via Graseby capsule
Variable I:E ratio
Variable I:E; supports up to 5 kg
“On-time” usually set at 20 msec
Optional NIPPV breaths in all
Limited availability & ΔP
Probably similar function to Drager
HFOV possible in insp & exp phase
No clinical or lab studies to date; probably needs longer “on-time”
*

We routinely employ convective breaths during HFNV with Percussionaire devices;

@

Devices are not currently approved for HFV in the US

Device manufacturers: 3100A (Carefusion, San Diego, CA, USA); VDR4/Bronchotron (Percussionaire, Sand Point, ID, USA); Drager VN500/Babylog 8000 (Draeger Medical, Lubeck, Germany); Infant Star 950 (Mallinckrodt, St Louis, MO, USA); Leoni Plus (Heinen+Lowenstein, Bad Ems, Germany); Stephanie/Sophie (Fritz Stephan-GmbH, Gackenbach, Germany); Life Pulse Jet (Bunnell Inc, Salt Lake City, UT, USA)