late 1600s |
Public awareness that tobacco use is addictive becomes widespread. |
1700s |
European studies report that pipe smoking causes cancers of the lip and throat. |
1820s |
German scientists isolate pure nicotine and identify it as a poison. |
1881 |
James Bonsack’s cigarette-making machine is patented, with a production rate 500 times greater than hand laborers. |
1883 |
New Jersey sets its minimum age of legal access (MLA) at 16 years. |
1886 |
New York sets its MLA at 16 years; American Tobacco dramatically increases cigarette production with Bonsack machines. |
1890 |
Twenty-six states and territories have set MLAs ranging from 14 to 24 years. |
1895 |
States begin banning the sale of cigarettes entirely. |
1898 |
German scientists hypothesize a link between tobacco and lung cancer. |
1904 |
American Tobacco lobbyists are exposed bribing Indiana legislators to vote against a tobacco ban. |
1905 |
American Tobacco arranges to have tabacum dropped from the US Pharmacopeoia. |
1906 |
Tobacco is excluded from the Pure Food and Drug Act. |
1917 |
Congress attempts to ban tobacco in the military; this effort is blocked by the tobacco industry. |
1918 |
The War Department includes tobacco in soldiers’ daily rations. |
1920 |
Forty-six of 48 states have set age limits on tobacco sales; South Carolina bans smoking in restaurants. |
1921 |
Fifteen states have banned the sale of cigarettes since 1895; some bans have been overturned because of tobacco industry lobbying. |
1929 |
First statistical evidence of a link between tobacco and lung cancer is reported. |
1939 |
Last 2 states without age restrictions on tobacco sales pass laws: Ohio (18 years) and Rhode Island (16 years). |
1950s |
Multiple states lower minimum age of legal access as tobacco marketing to children becomes widespread. |
1953 |
Maryland repeals its MLA. |
1960s |
Multiple states seek to increase, decrease, or overturn their MLAs. |
1963 |
American Cancer Society suggests 18 years as an MLA; Alaska (18 years) and Hawaii (15 years) join the United States. |
1964 |
Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health indicates that smoking causes lung cancer. |
1968 |
Philip Morris studies seek to find the lowest politically feasible MLA. |
1971 |
Lower MLAs are promoted by legislative advocates as a way to “ensure stricter enforcement” of tobacco laws. |
1985 |
The American Medical Association proposes new restrictions on tobacco, including a national MLA of 21 years. |
1990 |
The US Department of Health and Human Services proposes a model MLA set at 19 years. |