Table 3.
Comparison of predictors (AMEs, SE) of older peoples’ formal learning activities depending on morbidity
| Variables | No multimorbidity (<2 diseases) | Multimorbidity (≥2 diseases) |
|---|---|---|
| AME (SE) | AME (SE) | |
| 1 ADL+ (ref. no ADL) | −0.003 (0.005) |
−0.001 (0.002) |
| Poor mental health (ref. good mental health) | 0.000 (0.003) |
0.000 (0.003) |
| Dementia (ref. no dementia) | −0.042 (0.023) |
−0.017 (0.013) |
| Female (ref. male) |
0.030*** (0.003) |
0.010** (0.003) |
| Age (ref. 50–64) | ||
| 65–74 | −0.009 (0.005) |
0.006 (0.004) |
| 75+ | −0.034*** (0.007) |
−0.014** (0.005) |
| Marital status (ref. single) | ||
| Married | 0.001 (0.007) |
−0.017 (0.010) |
| Divorced | 0.018 (0.010) |
−0.004 (0.007) |
| Widowed | 0.021 (0.012) |
−0.010 (0.007) |
| Household size (ref. single) | ||
| 2 persons | −0.010 (0.008) |
−0.001 (0.007) |
| 3 persons+ | −0.003 (0.007) |
0.004 (0.007) |
| Education (ref. primary) | ||
| Secondary | 0.047*** (0.005) |
0.012*** (0.005) |
| Higher | 0.129*** (0.009) |
0.043*** (0.009) |
| Labour market position (ref. retired) | ||
| Employed or self-employed | 0.083*** (0.006) |
0.063*** (0.011) |
| Unemployed | 0.048*** (0.013) |
0.055** (0.019) |
| Sick or disabled | −0.016 (0.011) |
0.001 (0.008) |
| Other | 0.008 (0.009) |
0.005 (0.008) |
| Income (ref. 1st quartile) | ||
| 2nd quartile | 0.008 (0.006) |
0.008 (0.006) |
| 3rd quartile | 0.017** (0.006) |
0.006 (0.006) |
| 4th quartile | 0.031*** (0.006) |
0.014* (0.007) |
| Informal care giving (ref. no caregiving) | 0.022*** (0.004) |
0.002 (0.004) |
| Sports, clubs (ref. no club activity) | 0.035*** (0.004) |
0.024*** (0.005) |
| Volunteering (ref. no volunteering) | 0.054*** (0.005) |
0.042*** (0.007) |
| Religious activity (ref. no religious act.) | 0.029*** (0.006) |
0.014** (0.006) |
The model controls for country. Own calculations based on SHARE data
AME average marginal effects, SE standard error
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001