Table 4.
Questionnaire concepts and example items
| Determinant | Items | Example question | Answers and rating |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-determination: Behavioural Regulation of Physical Activity in Children (BRePAC and PACE) | |||
| Enjoyment (PACES) | 16 | When I exercise, …I like doing it |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| intrinsic motivation | 4 | Why do you participate in exercises? …because it is part of me. |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| identified regulation | 4 | Why do you participate in exercises? …because I think it's important. |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| introjected regulation | 5 | Why do you participate in exercises? …to show others that I am good at it. |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| regulation avoidance (a-motivation) | 4 | Why do you participate in exercises? …so my teacher won't get angry with me. |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| external regulation | 5 | Why do you participate in exercises? …because others tell me to do that. |
Agree/disagree + [don’t know] 5 point scale |
| Social comparison concepts | |||
| Performance | 2 | How good is your performance on strength exercises? | Very bad/Very good, 7-point scale |
| Social comparison | 2 | When doing aerobic exercises, I like to compare myself with some who is … than me. | Much worse/much better, 7 point scale |
| Relative performance | 6 | My performance on strength exercises is … than most other students. | Much worse/much better, 7 point scale |
| Preference | 3 | The next time I would … prefer to do a combination of aerobic & strength exercises. | Very strongly/not at all, 7 point scale |
| Partner choice | 2 | Imagine you compete with a partner against two other students. The game has a strength component and an aerobic component. Each of you choses one component. With whom would you prefer to form a team? | a. With someone good in aerobics and not in strength b. With someone good in strength and not in aerobics c. With someone good in both strength and aerobics |
| Reasoned action concepts | |||
| Attitude | 12 | Me doing sports is… | Not at all pleasant/very pleasant, 7 point scale |
| Subjective norm | 9 | My parents expect me to do strength exercises. | Totally agree/totally disagree, 7 point scale |
| Descriptive norm | 6 | Many of my friends do aerobic exercises | Totally agree/totally disagree, 7 point scale |
| Self-Efficacy | 12 | If I wanted to, I am confident that I can do sports. Whether I do strength exercises is up to me. If I want to do aerobic exercises, I am confident that I can even when my parents don’t support me. |
Totally agree/totally disagree, 7 point scale |
| Intention | 9 | The next 3 months, I will do strength exercises regularly | Totally agree/totally disagree, 7 point scale |