Table 2.
Odds of having metabolic syndrome according to presence of depressive symptoms and use of antidepressant medications in the Maine-Syracuse Longitudinal Study
| Depressive symptoms/medication use | Covariate seta | Quartile of scoresb | MetS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95 % CI | P-value | |||
| CES-D score | Basic | Q4 | 1.79 | 1.22, 2.62 | 0.003 |
| Q3 | 1.35 | 0.93, 1.97 | 0.1 | ||
| Q2 | 1.05 | 0.72, 1.54 | 0.8 | ||
| Q1 | 1.00 | ||||
| Extended | Q4 | 1.50 | 1.00, 2.24 | 0.049 | |
| Q3 | 1.23 | 0.83, 1.82 | 0.3 | ||
| Q2 | 0.99 | 0.66, 1.49 | 0.9 | ||
| Q1 | 1.00 | ||||
| Zung score | Basic | Q4 | 1.71 | 1.17, 2.50 | 0.006 |
| Q3 | 1.20 | 0.81, 1.77 | 0.4 | ||
| Q2 | 1.14 | 0.79, 1.65 | 0.5 | ||
| Q1 | 1.00 | ||||
| Extended | Q4 | 1.43 | 0.99, 2.50 | 0.1 | |
| Q3 | 0.99 | 0.66, 1.52 | 0.9 | ||
| Q2 | 1.05 | 0.71, 1.54 | 0.8 | ||
| Q1 | 1.00 | ||||
| Antidepressant medication use | Basic | Yes | 2.31 | 1.51, 3.54 | <0.001 |
| No | 1.00 | ||||
| Extended | Yes | 2.22 | 1.42, 3.48 | <0.001 | |
| No | 1.00 | ||||
CES-D Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, CI confidence interval, MetS metabolic syndrome, OR odds ratio
aBasic: adjusted for age, education, sex, ethnicity; Extended: adjusted for set 1 + smoking (cigarettes per day), physical activity (MET-minutes/day), CRP (mg/L)
bQuartile 1 (lowest quartile of scores) = reference group