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. 2016 Jun 10;16:498. doi: 10.1186/s12889-016-3160-4

Table 2.

Characteristics of participants from the 8 representative provinces of Vietnam, by sex (n = 14706)

Thai Nguyen Hoa Binh Ha Noi Hue Binh Dinh Dak Lak HCMC Can Tho Total
Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI Mean 95 % CI
Men
 Urban populationa (%) 22.2 ±0.00 11.9 ±0.00 42.9 ±0.00 33.6 ±0.00 26.0 ±0.00 21.6 ±0.00 83.1 ±0.00 66.3 ±0.00 29.8 ±0.00
 Minority ethnicityb (%) 14.4 ±5.70 74.8 ±3.20 0.29 ±0.34 0.03 ±0.07 0.10 ±0.20 20.4 ±4.86 5.20 ±3.70 1.62 ±1.24 5.84 ±0.87
 Years at schoolc 8.69 ±0.31 7.56 ±0.26 10.2 ±0.51 8.00 ±0.46 8.10 ±0.33 8.34 ±0.48 10.0 ±0.45 8.00 ±0.65 8.26 ±0.20
 Household incomed 52.6 ±4.26 21.6 ±4.78 89.2 ±10.9 41.6 ±3.32 50.1 ±2.96 45.6 ±7.03 91.0 ±10.9 44.7 ±4.40 53.2 ±2.22
 Current smokere (%) 55.5 ±4.23 54.4 ±11.8 52.5 ±4.12 63.4 ±3.85 64.8 ±3.37 45.0 ±5.82 54.2 ±4.60 58.3 ±5.46 57.7 ±1.83
 Alcohol intakef 17.3 ±4.35 20.5 ±8.25 16.6 ±3.24 34.0 ±4.28 28.1 ±3.69 29.4 ±4.64 22.3 ±4.83 30.2 ±4.75 25.1 ±1.68
 Fruit/vegetable servesg 3.48 ±0.21 2.80 ±0.32 3.41 ±0.18 2.46 ±0.18 2.46 ±0.11 2.27 ±0.18 2.58 ±0.21 2.45 ±0.20 2.74 ±0.08
 Physical activityh (%) 87.9 ±3.22 83.5 ±7.02 38.4 ±5.97 47.3 ±4.32 73.2 ±2.32 80.0 ±3.13 28.7 ±4.63 37.2 ±4.71 52.0 ±2.26
 BMIi 20.4 ±0.21 20.7 ±0.46 21.8 ±0.29 20.4 ±0.21 20.6 ±0.20 21.0 ±0.23 22.1 ±0.30 21.2 ±0.33 21.1 ±0.11
 Raised BPj (%) 20.1 ±3.33 20.2 ±2.74 15.7 ±3.01 16.2 ±3.09 21.5 ±3.27 25.5 ±3.77 17.3 ±3.10 17.0 ±3.11 18.5 ±1.29
 Elevated glucosek (%) 1.75 ±0.97 2.73 ±1.87 2.92 ±2.28 1.50 ±0.76 1.41 ±0.88 3.33 ±2.05 3.15 ±1.42 3.89 ±1.78 2.63 ±0.72
 Cholesteroll 4.26 ±0.04 4.46 ±0.07 4.64 ±0.06 4.47 ±0.06 4.52 ±0.05 4.51 ±0.09 4.73 ±0.07 4.80 ±0.09 4.58 ±0.03
Women
 Urban populationa (%) 22.7 ±0.00 12.7 ±0.00 43.7 ±0.00 34.3 ±0.00 26.1 ±0.00 22.0 ±0.00 84.1 ±0.00 67.7 ±0.00 30.8 ±0.00
 Minority ethnicityb (%) 12.3 ±4.39 74.7 ±6.65 0.94 ±0.88 0.10 ±0.14 0.26 ±0.35 18.2 ±5.55 3.59 ±2.61 2.80 ±1.80 5.41 ±0.74
 Years at schoolc 8.17 ±0.34 7.00 ±0.33 9.50 ±0.41 5.50 ±0.43 6.42 ±0.20 7.00 ±0.56 9.00 ±0.47 6.00 ±0.54 7.00 ±0.18
 Household incomed 51.5 ±4.70 20.4 ±3.72 80.2 ±6.59 40.0 ±2.73 46.4 ±2.79 45.0 ±6.05 96.0 ±10.4 45.5 ±3.18 52.9 ±2.42
 Current smokere (%) 1.09 ±0.86 8.04 ±5.96 0.56 ±0.45 4.90 ±1.34 0.60 ±0.53 1.37 ±1.01 2.12 ±0.93 1.12 ±0.60 1.73 ±0.32
 Alcohol intakef 1.22 ±0.89 1.48 ±2.09 0.35 ±0.51 0.44 ±0.39 0.34 ±0.41 0.10 ±0.10 1.38 ±0.84 0.88 ±1.21 0.63 ±0.24
 Fruit/vegetable servesg 3.18 ±0.14 3.37 ±0.57 3.58 ±0.20 2.65 ±0.18 2.34 ±0.09 2.27 ±0.22 3.05 ±0.17 2.36 ±0.15 2.80 ±0.07
 Physical activityh (%) 83.1 ±4.12 78.0 ±6.10 35.6 ±4.36 39.6 ±3.88 63.8 ±3.59 70.3 ±5.39 13.2 ±2.32 25.6 ±3.65 41.1 ±1.48
 BMIi 20.5 ±0.27 20.2 ±0.12 21.6 ±0.24 20.9 ±0.23 20.8 ±0.21 20.6 ±0.31 21.5 ±0.23 21.9 ±0.24 21.2 ±0.10
 Raised BPj (%) 9.05 ±2.43 11.8 ±3.28 7.69 ±1.66 9.93 ±1.88 10.4 ±1.91 15.7 ±3.64 9.09 ±1.82 13.3 ±2.19 10.2 ±0.85
 Elevated glucosek (%) 0.84 ±0.52 3.48 ±3.47 1.84 ±0.90 1.95 ±0.84 2.58 ±1.01 3.10 ±1.47 3.28 ±1.27 4.55 ±1.54 2.58 ±0.47
 Cholesteroll 4.17 ±0.04 4.39 ±0.05 4.61 ±0.07 4.62 ±0.06 4.76 ±0.05 4.54 ±0.07 4.85 ±0.06 4.90 ±0.08 4.66 ±0.03

aProportion of urban population; bProportion of non-Vietnamese minority ethnic group; cMean years of schooling; dMean household income per adult person per month (USD), eProportion of current smokers; fProportion with binge drinking (≥4 standard drinks for females, and ≥5 standard drinks for males, on any day last week); gMean daily servings of fruit and vegetables; hProportion with high levels of physical activity (≥3000 MET-minutes per week); iMean BMI (kg/m2); jProportion with raised BP (systolic pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg); kProportion with fasting blood glucose values >6.1 mmol/L or taking medications for diabetes; lMean fasting total cholesterol values (mmol/L)