Table 2.
Thai Nguyen | Hoa Binh | Ha Noi | Hue | Binh Dinh | Dak Lak | HCMC | Can Tho | Total | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | |
Men | ||||||||||||||||||
Urban populationa (%) | 22.2 | ±0.00 | 11.9 | ±0.00 | 42.9 | ±0.00 | 33.6 | ±0.00 | 26.0 | ±0.00 | 21.6 | ±0.00 | 83.1 | ±0.00 | 66.3 | ±0.00 | 29.8 | ±0.00 |
Minority ethnicityb (%) | 14.4 | ±5.70 | 74.8 | ±3.20 | 0.29 | ±0.34 | 0.03 | ±0.07 | 0.10 | ±0.20 | 20.4 | ±4.86 | 5.20 | ±3.70 | 1.62 | ±1.24 | 5.84 | ±0.87 |
Years at schoolc | 8.69 | ±0.31 | 7.56 | ±0.26 | 10.2 | ±0.51 | 8.00 | ±0.46 | 8.10 | ±0.33 | 8.34 | ±0.48 | 10.0 | ±0.45 | 8.00 | ±0.65 | 8.26 | ±0.20 |
Household incomed | 52.6 | ±4.26 | 21.6 | ±4.78 | 89.2 | ±10.9 | 41.6 | ±3.32 | 50.1 | ±2.96 | 45.6 | ±7.03 | 91.0 | ±10.9 | 44.7 | ±4.40 | 53.2 | ±2.22 |
Current smokere (%) | 55.5 | ±4.23 | 54.4 | ±11.8 | 52.5 | ±4.12 | 63.4 | ±3.85 | 64.8 | ±3.37 | 45.0 | ±5.82 | 54.2 | ±4.60 | 58.3 | ±5.46 | 57.7 | ±1.83 |
Alcohol intakef | 17.3 | ±4.35 | 20.5 | ±8.25 | 16.6 | ±3.24 | 34.0 | ±4.28 | 28.1 | ±3.69 | 29.4 | ±4.64 | 22.3 | ±4.83 | 30.2 | ±4.75 | 25.1 | ±1.68 |
Fruit/vegetable servesg | 3.48 | ±0.21 | 2.80 | ±0.32 | 3.41 | ±0.18 | 2.46 | ±0.18 | 2.46 | ±0.11 | 2.27 | ±0.18 | 2.58 | ±0.21 | 2.45 | ±0.20 | 2.74 | ±0.08 |
Physical activityh (%) | 87.9 | ±3.22 | 83.5 | ±7.02 | 38.4 | ±5.97 | 47.3 | ±4.32 | 73.2 | ±2.32 | 80.0 | ±3.13 | 28.7 | ±4.63 | 37.2 | ±4.71 | 52.0 | ±2.26 |
BMIi | 20.4 | ±0.21 | 20.7 | ±0.46 | 21.8 | ±0.29 | 20.4 | ±0.21 | 20.6 | ±0.20 | 21.0 | ±0.23 | 22.1 | ±0.30 | 21.2 | ±0.33 | 21.1 | ±0.11 |
Raised BPj (%) | 20.1 | ±3.33 | 20.2 | ±2.74 | 15.7 | ±3.01 | 16.2 | ±3.09 | 21.5 | ±3.27 | 25.5 | ±3.77 | 17.3 | ±3.10 | 17.0 | ±3.11 | 18.5 | ±1.29 |
Elevated glucosek (%) | 1.75 | ±0.97 | 2.73 | ±1.87 | 2.92 | ±2.28 | 1.50 | ±0.76 | 1.41 | ±0.88 | 3.33 | ±2.05 | 3.15 | ±1.42 | 3.89 | ±1.78 | 2.63 | ±0.72 |
Cholesteroll | 4.26 | ±0.04 | 4.46 | ±0.07 | 4.64 | ±0.06 | 4.47 | ±0.06 | 4.52 | ±0.05 | 4.51 | ±0.09 | 4.73 | ±0.07 | 4.80 | ±0.09 | 4.58 | ±0.03 |
Women | ||||||||||||||||||
Urban populationa (%) | 22.7 | ±0.00 | 12.7 | ±0.00 | 43.7 | ±0.00 | 34.3 | ±0.00 | 26.1 | ±0.00 | 22.0 | ±0.00 | 84.1 | ±0.00 | 67.7 | ±0.00 | 30.8 | ±0.00 |
Minority ethnicityb (%) | 12.3 | ±4.39 | 74.7 | ±6.65 | 0.94 | ±0.88 | 0.10 | ±0.14 | 0.26 | ±0.35 | 18.2 | ±5.55 | 3.59 | ±2.61 | 2.80 | ±1.80 | 5.41 | ±0.74 |
Years at schoolc | 8.17 | ±0.34 | 7.00 | ±0.33 | 9.50 | ±0.41 | 5.50 | ±0.43 | 6.42 | ±0.20 | 7.00 | ±0.56 | 9.00 | ±0.47 | 6.00 | ±0.54 | 7.00 | ±0.18 |
Household incomed | 51.5 | ±4.70 | 20.4 | ±3.72 | 80.2 | ±6.59 | 40.0 | ±2.73 | 46.4 | ±2.79 | 45.0 | ±6.05 | 96.0 | ±10.4 | 45.5 | ±3.18 | 52.9 | ±2.42 |
Current smokere (%) | 1.09 | ±0.86 | 8.04 | ±5.96 | 0.56 | ±0.45 | 4.90 | ±1.34 | 0.60 | ±0.53 | 1.37 | ±1.01 | 2.12 | ±0.93 | 1.12 | ±0.60 | 1.73 | ±0.32 |
Alcohol intakef | 1.22 | ±0.89 | 1.48 | ±2.09 | 0.35 | ±0.51 | 0.44 | ±0.39 | 0.34 | ±0.41 | 0.10 | ±0.10 | 1.38 | ±0.84 | 0.88 | ±1.21 | 0.63 | ±0.24 |
Fruit/vegetable servesg | 3.18 | ±0.14 | 3.37 | ±0.57 | 3.58 | ±0.20 | 2.65 | ±0.18 | 2.34 | ±0.09 | 2.27 | ±0.22 | 3.05 | ±0.17 | 2.36 | ±0.15 | 2.80 | ±0.07 |
Physical activityh (%) | 83.1 | ±4.12 | 78.0 | ±6.10 | 35.6 | ±4.36 | 39.6 | ±3.88 | 63.8 | ±3.59 | 70.3 | ±5.39 | 13.2 | ±2.32 | 25.6 | ±3.65 | 41.1 | ±1.48 |
BMIi | 20.5 | ±0.27 | 20.2 | ±0.12 | 21.6 | ±0.24 | 20.9 | ±0.23 | 20.8 | ±0.21 | 20.6 | ±0.31 | 21.5 | ±0.23 | 21.9 | ±0.24 | 21.2 | ±0.10 |
Raised BPj (%) | 9.05 | ±2.43 | 11.8 | ±3.28 | 7.69 | ±1.66 | 9.93 | ±1.88 | 10.4 | ±1.91 | 15.7 | ±3.64 | 9.09 | ±1.82 | 13.3 | ±2.19 | 10.2 | ±0.85 |
Elevated glucosek (%) | 0.84 | ±0.52 | 3.48 | ±3.47 | 1.84 | ±0.90 | 1.95 | ±0.84 | 2.58 | ±1.01 | 3.10 | ±1.47 | 3.28 | ±1.27 | 4.55 | ±1.54 | 2.58 | ±0.47 |
Cholesteroll | 4.17 | ±0.04 | 4.39 | ±0.05 | 4.61 | ±0.07 | 4.62 | ±0.06 | 4.76 | ±0.05 | 4.54 | ±0.07 | 4.85 | ±0.06 | 4.90 | ±0.08 | 4.66 | ±0.03 |
aProportion of urban population; bProportion of non-Vietnamese minority ethnic group; cMean years of schooling; dMean household income per adult person per month (USD), eProportion of current smokers; fProportion with binge drinking (≥4 standard drinks for females, and ≥5 standard drinks for males, on any day last week); gMean daily servings of fruit and vegetables; hProportion with high levels of physical activity (≥3000 MET-minutes per week); iMean BMI (kg/m2); jProportion with raised BP (systolic pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure ≥90 mmHg); kProportion with fasting blood glucose values >6.1 mmol/L or taking medications for diabetes; lMean fasting total cholesterol values (mmol/L)