Table 1.
Sample Demographics, Descriptives, and Correlations With Perceptions of Parent Stubbornness
| Parent characteristics | Child characteristics | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % (n)/M (SD) | Correlation with parent report | Correlation with child report | % (n)/M (SD) | Correlation with parent report | Correlation with child report | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Gender (male) | 27% (50) | −0.09 | 0.11 | 40% (75) | 0.05 | −0.14† |
| Race (non-Hispanic White) | 68% (128) | 0.04 | 0.01 | 68% (128) | −0.04 | −0.05 |
| Marital Status (married) | 32% (61) | 0.03 | −0.01 | 66% (124) | 0.02 | −0.04 |
| Adult children in the home (yes) | — | — | — | 49% (93) | −0.00 | 0.05 |
| Parent and child live together (yes) | — | — | — | 9% (16) | 0.15* | 0.10 |
| Both parents living (yes) | — | — | — | 34% (64) | 0.03 | 0.16* |
| Age | 80.21 (5.94) | −0.15* | 0.01 | 54.66 (4.55) | −0.11 | 0.04 |
| Education | 2.60 (1.09) | 0.02 | 0.00 | 3.36 (1.06) | −0.05 | 0.02 |
| Income | 3.17 (1.69) | −0.02 | −0.00 | 6.49 (2.83) | 0.00 | 0.03 |
| Physical health | 2.94 (1.10) | −0.20** | −0.24*** | 3.35 (0.95) | 0.01 | −0.07 |
| Distance | — | — | — | 1.27 (1.07) | −0.07 | 0.04 |
| Predictors | ||||||
| Positive relationship quality | 4.25 (0.68) | −0.23** | −0.36*** | 4.19 (0.72) | −0.17* | −0.53*** |
| Negative relationship quality | 1.82 (0.68) | 0.22** | 0.38*** | 1.97 (0.78) | 0.09 | 0.37*** |
| Neuroticism | 2.31 (0.71) | 0.33*** | 0.18* | 2.57 (0.75) | 0.06 | 0.19** |
| Agreeableness | 3.90 (0.64) | −0.20** | −0.15* | 3.97 (0.56) | 0.00 | 0.04 |
| Support provided | 3.89 (1.36) | 0.05 | −0.01 | 4.35 (1.37) | −0.01 | 0.03 |
| Avoidant coping responses | — | — | — | 2.43 (0.97) | 0.07 | 0.47*** |
| Stressfulness of helping parent | — | — | — | 2.14 (1.20) | 0.16* | 0.58*** |
| Parent disability (reported by child) | 0.92 (1.13) | 0.05 | 0.37*** | — | — | — |
| Parent “Stubborn” personality | −0.02 (2.28) | 0.29*** | 0.15* | — | — | — |
Notes: N = 189 dyads.
† p < .10. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.