Table 3.

Hazard Ratios for Entry Into Nursing Home, Health and Retirement Study 1998–2012 (Women only; N = 12,006)

	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
	HR	HR	HR	HR	HR
Union status
Continuously married (ref)
Remarried	0.96	0.97	0.95	1.05	1.01
Partnered	0.99	1.05	0.86	0.97	0.95
Divorced/separated	1.77***	1.62***	1.13	1.48***	1.09
Widowed	1.59***	1.45***	1.26***	1.36***	1.09
Never married	1.88***	1.83***	1.26	1.58***	1.19
Sociodemographics
Birth year	1.09***	1.08***	1.09***	1.09***	1.08***
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic White (ref)
Non-Hispanic Black	0.77***	0.62***	0.59***	0.70***	0.64***
Hispanic	0.56***	0.44***	0.35***	0.54***	0.45***
Other	0.78	0.72	0.56**	0.69*	0.70*
Educational attainment
Less than high school (ref)
High school	0.84***	1.11*	1.06	1.03	1.19**
Some college or associate’s degree	0.79**	1.09	1.10	1.03	1.23**
Bachelor’s degree or more	0.85*	1.20*	1.24**	1.10	1.36***
Health and disability
Number of chronic conditions		1.15***			1.11***
ADL difficulties		1.31***			1.23***
IADL difficulties		1.36***			1.19***
Economic resources
Medicaid			2.17***		1.31***
Nonhousing net worth quartiles
First (ref)
Second			0.76***		0.94
Third			0.79***		1.01
Fourth			0.73***		0.95
Own house			0.58***		0.73***
Social ties
Number in household				0.81***	0.78***
Number of living children				0.97**	0.96**
No future help available or don’t know (ref)
Future help available				0.81**	0.88
Already using help				6.97***	2.79***
Any living siblings				0.92	0.95
Monthly contact with neighbors				1.01*	1.01**
Log likelihood	−15,762.63	−14,700.47	−15,428.96	−14,658.17	−14,310.89

Notes: ADL = activities of daily living; HR = hazard ratio; IADL = instrumental activities of daily living.

*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.