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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Int. 2016 Apr 22;92-93:220–231. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.033

Table 3.

Exposure to DBPs of cases and controls during the last trimester of pregnancy

Cases
Mean (SD)
Controls
Mean (SD)
p
DBPs water concentration
Trihalomethanes (THMs), μg/L
Chloroform 43.6 (40.6) 41.9 (40.3) 0.26
Brominated THM 6.2 (4.4) 6.0 (3.9) 0.47
Total THMs 49.8 (39.9) 47.9 (39.4) 0.20
Haloacetic acids (HAAs), μg/L
Dichloroacetic acid 15.7 (15.1) 15.3 (15.0) 0.59
Trichloroacetic acid 17.8 (21.2) 17.0 (21.1) 0.47
Total AAH (5 species)a 36.6 (36.8) 35.3 (36.7) 0.47
Total AAH (9 species)b 44.8 (37.4) 43.5 (37.1) 0.47
DBPs internal dose
Trihalomethanes (THMs) multiexposure dose, μg/day
Chloroform 134.9 (149.8) 132.7 (151.6) 0.66
Brominated THM 18.2 (16.9) 18.4 (16.5) 0.91
Total THM 153.1 (152.5) 151.0 (153.1) 0.72
Haloacetic acids (HAAs) internal dose, μg/day
Dichloroacetic acid 14.5 (20.6) 12.1 (19.2) 0.007
Trichloroacetic acid 16.2 (26.3) 13.2 (25.6) 0.005
Total AAHs (5 species)a 34.0 (50.0) 28.0 (46.7) 0.005
Total AAHs (9 species)b 41.2 (54.1) 34.5 (50.7) 0.006
a

HAA(5)=sum of the main five HAA species (DCAA, TCAA, monochloracetic acid, monobromacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid)

b

HAA(9) =sum of all HAA species

SD : Standard deviation