Table 3.
Binary logistic regression analysis of socio-demographic variables predicting the odds of food insecurity among households (n = 1979) in West Gojjam Zones of Amhara region, 2013
| Characteristics | Food security status | Crude OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insecure N (%) | Insecure N (%) | |||
| Household head: | ||||
| Female R | 184 (66.4) | 93 (33.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Male | 833 (48.9) | 869 (51.1) | 0.484 (0.371, 0.633)*** | 1.041 (0.646, 1.680) |
| Female authority: | ||||
| Yes | 975 (51.6) | 915 (48.4) | 192 (0.779, 1.825) | 1.032 (0.657, 1.623) |
| No R | 42 (47.2) | 47 (52.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Maternal education: | ||||
| No formal education | 848 (54.4) | 711 (45.6) | 1.771 (1.423, 2.205)*** | 1.388 (1.011, 1.905)* |
| Formal education | 169 (40.2) | 251 (59.8) | 1 | 1 |
| Paternal education: | ||||
| No formal education | 637 (52.9) | 568 (47.1) | 1.589 (1.300, 1.941) | 1.110 (0.864, 1.457) |
| Formal education | 240 (41.4) | 340 (58.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Family size: | ||||
| 2–4 | 485 (84.3) | 408 (45.7) | 1.238 (1.037, 1.478)* | 1.088 (0.878, 1.3490 |
| ≥ 5 | 532 (49.0) | 554 (51.0) | 1 | 1 |
| Maternal occupation | ||||
| Farmer: | ||||
| Yes | 271 (47.5) | 299 (52.5) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 746 (52.9) | 663 (47.1) | 1.241 (1.022, 509)* | 1.237 (0.980, 1.560) |
| Merchant: | ||||
| Yes | ||||
| 138 (56.3) | 107 (43.7) | 1 | 1 | |
| No | 879 (50.7) | 855 (49.3) | 0.797 (0.609, 1.044) | 0.375 (0.251, 0.559)*** |
| Day labourer: | ||||
| Yes | 63 (80.8) | 15 (19.2) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 954 (50.2) | 947 (49.8) | 0.240 (0.136, 0.424)*** | 0.460 (0.191, 1.106) |
| Paternal occupation | ||||
| Farmer: | ||||
| Yes | 642 (51.6) | 602 (48.4) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 374 (51.2) | 357 (48.8) | 0.982 (0.818, 1.179) | 0.954 (0.683, 1.333) |
| Private employee: | ||||
| Yes | 22 (40.0) | 32 (60.0) | 1 | |
| No | 994 (51.8) | 925 (48.2) | 1.612 (0.933, 2.785) | |
| Merchant: | ||||
| Yes | 115 (37.7) | 190 (62.3) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 901 (54.0) | 769 (46.0) | 1.936 (1.506, 2.487)*** | 1.866 (1.285, 2.712)** |
| Day labourer: | ||||
| Yes | 68 (75.6) | 22 (24.4) | 1 | 1 |
| No | 948 (50.3) | 937 (49.7) | 0.327 (0.201, 0.534)*** | 0.436 (0.246,0.772)** |
| Monthly income: | ||||
| 1st quartile | 288 (67.1) | 141 (32.9) | 4.442 (3.408, 5.790)*** | 3.232 (2.366, 4.418)*** |
| 2nd quartile | 183 (62.2) | 111 (37.8) | 3.585 (2.677, 4.801)*** | 2.618 (1.892, 3.622)*** |
| 3rd quartile | 357 (54.4) | 299 (45.6) | 2.596 (2.061, 3.271)*** | 2.177 (1.691, 2.803)*** |
| 4th quartile R | 189 (31.5) | 411 (68.5) | 1 | 1 |
* = 0.05, ** = 0.01, *** = 0.001 Significant level, R = Reference group