Table 1.

Summary of Oral Nanomedicines for Their Therapeutic Potential in Stroke Prevention

Natural compound	Partition coefficient (log P)	Topological polar surface area (Å2)	Nanodevice	Route	Dose	Advantage	References
Curcumin	4.12	93.06	Solid lipid nanoparticle	Oral	50 mg/kg	Improves brain bioavailability and functional recovery	Kakkar et al.39
Quercetin	2.16	127.45	PLGA nanoparticle	Oral	2.7 mg/kg	Prevents hippocampal neuronal damage	Ghosh et al.41
Panax notoginsenide	R1, 0.03	296	PEG-PLGA-based core-shell hybrid liposomal vesicles	Oral	30 mg/kg	Improves brain bioavailability and reduces cerebral edema and infarct volume	Zhang et al.36
	Rg1, 0.80	239
	Rb1, −0.56	377
N/A			MSC-derived exosomes	IV	100 μg in 0.5 mL PBS	Improves functional recovery and enhances neurite remodeling, neurogenesis, and angiogenesis	Xin et al.46

Log P and surface area values are obtained from sources: http://chemicalize.org and http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound.

IV, intravenous; MSC, mesenchymal stromal cell; N/A, not applicable; PBS, phosphate-buffered saline; PEG, polyethylene glycol;

PLGA, polylactide-co-glycolide acid.