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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 13.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurol Sci. 2015 Oct 24;359(1-2):112–116. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2015.10.019

Table 2.

Effect of the training program on participants' knowledge of stroke risk factors, causes, symptoms, management principles and local epidemiology.

Variable Pre-test Post-test χ2 test



No % No % p value
No of risk factors correctly identified 0.001
  0 2 1.7 1 0.5
  1–3 9 7.8 1 0.5
  ≥4 105 90.5 189 99.0
Stroke develops througha
  Rupture of blood vessel 94 81.0 173 90.6 <0.001
  Blockage of blood vessel 89 81.0 182 95.3 <0.001
Stroke symptoms correctly identified 0.009
  0 2 1.7 0 0
  1–3 22 19.0 18 9.4
  ≥4 92 79.3 173 90.6
Brain neuroimaging is gold standard for
  confirming a diagnosis of stroke
<0.001
  True 97 89.8 187 98.9
  False 11 10.2 2 1.1
Knowledge of FAST mnemonic
  F 13 11.2 177 92.7 <0.001
  A 14 12.1 174 91.1 <0.001
  S 21 18.1 176 92.1 <0.001
  T 13 11.2 174 91.1 <0.001
  FAST 12 10.3 173 90.6 <0.001
Aspiration is a common complication that may
  lead to death in stroke patients
0.247
  True 99 85.3 171 89.5
  False 3 2.6 11 5.8
  No response 14 12.1 9 4.7
Swallowing test should be carried out before
  feeding a stroke patient
<0.001
  True 71 61.2 166 86.9
  False 26 22.4 18 9.4
  No response 19 16.4 7 3.7
Cerebral decompression is appropriate after
  stroke event
<0.001
  True 64 55.2 162 84.8
  False 19 16.4 12 6.3
  No response 33 28.4 17 8.9
Refer stroke patients for specialist care as
  soon as possible
0.648
  True 108 93.1 184 96.3
  False 4 3.4 5 2.6
  No response 4 3.4 2 1.0
Blood clot in the brain can be lysed if patient
  presents within 4 h of stroke onset
0.002
  True 73 62.9 164 85.9
  False 21 18.1 16 8.4
  No response 22 19.0 11 5.7
Stroke is the number 1 non-infectious cause of
  death in Nigeria
0.739
  True 100 86.2 173 92.0
  False 10 8.6 15 15
  No response 6 5.2
The number 1 risk factor for stroke in Nigeria
  is hypertension
0.722
  True 111 95.7 183 99.5
  False 1 0.9 1 0.5
  No response 4 3.4
a

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