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Schematic presentation of generation of amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42) plaques.
Aβ42 are generated by improper cleavage of amyloid precursor proteins (APP). APP a transmembrane protein, is cleaved by alpha (α)-sectretase and gamma (γ)-secretase to generate forty amino-acid (Aβ40) long polypeptide. However, when APP is cleaved by beta (β)-secretase and gamma (γ)-secretase it generates forty two amino-acid (Aβ42) long polypeptide. Aβ42 polypeptide oligomerize to form a plaque.
