Table 2.

Diagnostic aids for differentiating between infectious endocarditis and small-vessel vasculitis^∗.

Similaritiesa	Differencesb
(i) Presentation with constitutional symptoms	(i) Splenomegaly
(ii) Pyrexia	(ii) Thrombocytopenia
(iii) Active urinary sediment	(iii) Hypocomplementemia
(iv) Skin involvement	(iv) Immune complexes
(v) Decreased GFR	(v) Other positive autoantibodies
(vi) Increased inflammatory marker levels	(vi) Low titer ANCA/ELISA negative
	(vii) Other organ involvement

ANCA: antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody; ELISA: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; GFR: glomerular filtration rate.

^aFeatures seen in both conditions.

^bFeatures seen predominantly in infectious endocarditis.

^∗This table was taken from Forbes et al. (2012) with permission [8].