Table 2.

Pairwise comparison psychological factors by group after controlling for average pain intensity.

Factor	CP mean (SD)	RA mean (SD)	SE	F	p	d	Effect size
AAQ	32.48 (8.17)	27.93 (7.74)	1.02	10.44	<0.001	0.35	Small
DASS depression	7.87 (5.09)	3.15 (3.13)	0.52	37.20	<0.001	0.66	Medium
DASS anxiety	8.37 (4.67)	4.17 (3.61)	0.51	26.54	<0.001	0.56	Medium
DASS stress	8.12 (3.57)	4.85 (3.35)	0.52	35.36	<0.001	0.65	Medium
PASS escape avoidance	14.01 (5.31)	9.44 (5.67)	0.68	16.08	<0.001	0.44	Small
PASS cognitive anxiety	15.75 (5.14)	8.56 (5.73)	0.67	61.68	<0.001	0.86	Large
PASS fear of pain	9.50 (5.91)	4.75 (6.04)	0.75	17.97	<0.001	0.46	Small
PASS physiological anxiety	10.91 (7.70)	3.68 (4.34)	0.78	40.72	<0.001	0.70	Medium
PCS rumination	13.11 (4.03)	9.51 (5.48)	0.59	9.54	<0.001	0.34	Small
PCS magnification	7.34 (3.02)	5.00 (2.18)	0.33	27.02	<0.001	0.57	Medium
PCS helplessness	14.70 (5.16)	9.18 (3.88)	0.56	42.38	<0.001	0.71	Medium