Table 3.
Effect of iron supplementation versus placebo on maternal hematologic and iron status.
| Outcome | Irona | N | Placebo | N | Relative Risk (95% CI) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hemoglobin at randomization (g/dL) | 11.7 (1.4) | 738 | 11.7 (1.3) | 741 | 0.98 | |
| Hemoglobin at delivery (g/dL) | 11.8 (2.0) | 481 | 10.9 (1.9) | 501 | <0.001 | |
| Mean change in hemoglobin (g/dL) | 0.13 (2.2) | 473 | −0.7 (2.0) | 495 | <0.001 | |
| Anemia at deliveryb – no. (%) | 144 (30) | 481 | 248 (50) | 501 | 0.60 (0.51,0.71) | <0.001 |
| Severe maternal anemia at deliveryc – no. (%) | 23 (5) | 481 | 35 (7) | 501 | 0.68 (0.41,1.14) | 0.14 |
| Ferritin at randomization (μg/L) | 40.9 (33.3) | 741 | 40.7 (31.4) | 742 | 1.00 | |
| Ferritin at delivery (μg/L) | 92.5 (171.1) | 483 | 54.1 (90.3) | 509 | <0.001 | |
| Mean change in ferritin (μg/L) | 41.3 (295.6) | 476 | 11.3 (92.1) | 503 | <0.001 | |
| Iron deficiency at deliveryd – no. (%) | 33 (7) | 483 | 73 (14) | 509 | 0.48 (0.32,0.70) | 0.001 |
| Iron deficiency at delivery (CRP-adjusted)e – no. (%) | 227 (47) | 480 | 379 (75) | 503 | 0.63 (0.56,0.70) | <0.001 |
| Iron deficiency anemia at deliveryb,d – no. (%) | 14 (3) | 464 | 43 (9) | 491 | 0.34 (0.19,0.62) | <0.001 |
| Iron deficiency anemia at delivery (CRP-adjusted)b,e – no. (%) | 74 (16) | 461 | 191 (39) | 485 | 0.41 (0.32,0.52) | <0.001 |
a
Means (SD) for continuous variables.
b
Hemoglobin < 11 g/dL
c
Hemoglobin < 8.5 g/dL
d
Serum ferritin < 12 μg/L
e
Serum ferritin <70 μg/L and CRP > 8.2 μg/mL or serum ferritin <30 μg/L and CRP ≤ 8.2 μg/mL