Table 1. Molecular events associated with aberrant activation of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Ontologic function	Component	Observed alterations
Prosurvival pathway	p70S6K1	Increased phosphorylation (T389, T421, S424)
	mTOR	Increased phosphorylation (S2448)
	STAT3	Increased phosphorylation (Y705)
	ERK1/2	Increased phosphorylation (T202/Y204)
	GSK-3α/β	Increased phosphorylation (S21/9)
DNA damage responses	ATM	Reduced phosphorylation (S1981)
	H2AX	Reduced phosphorylation (S139)
	NBS1	Reduced phosphorylation (S343)
	CDC25C	Reduced phosphorylation (S216)
Apoptosis	p53	Reduced phosphorylation (S392)
	Caspase 3	Reduced expression
	Caspase 7	Reduced expression
Dedifferentiation	SOCS3	Increased expression
	TGFB1	Increased expression
	JUNB	Increased expression
	KRT14	Increased expression
	TGM1	Increased expression
	TGM2	Increased expression
	SFN	Increased expression
	IL-6	Increased expression
	KRT10	Reduced expression
	KIT	Reduced expression
	KRT4	Reduced expression
	KRT36	Reduced expression
	IVL	Reduced expression