Figure 1. Illustration of attenuated RABV-induced neural expression of CXCL10 and BBB enhancement.

1) Attenuated RABV-infected neurons secrete CXCL10. 2) CXCL10 mediates the recruitment of CD4+ T-cells into the CNS. 3) CXCL10 mediates the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into 4a) IFN-γ secreting Th1 cells, which could further boost the induction of CXCL10 through positive feedback, and 4b) IL-17 secreting Th17 cells, alters the TJ proteins resulting in BBB breakdown.