IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, or TNF-α promotes B-cell viability/survival. Raji cells were treated with 0–100 ng/ml of IL-2, IL-4, IFN-γ, or TNF-α for 48 h, respectively. (A) Cell viability was monitored by MTS assay. (B) Relative number of live cells was estimated by trypan blue exclusion assay. Results are presented as mean ± S.E. (n = 5). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, difference with control group.