Table 2.
Effects of flooding per phenophase on mean earlywood-vessel area (Mean vessel area μm2), mean of the 20 largest earlywood vessels (Maximum vessel area, μm2), vessel density (#/mm), and ring width (μm), measured after the end of the growing season following the flooding experiments.
| Stem height | Height | Duration | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | 25 cm | 75 cm | F | P | F | P |
| Control non-flooded (n = 35) | ||||||
| Mean vessel area | 3842 ± 823 | 3887 ± 936 | 0.064 | – | 2.365 | – |
| Maximum vessel area | 5883 ± 1346 | 5798 ± 1247 | 0.073 | – | 1.744 | – |
| Vessel density | 5.89 ± 1.17 | 6.91 ± 0.77 | 13.732 | ∗∗ | 2.390 | – |
| Ring width | 425 ± 153 | 486 ± 130 | 9.551 | ∗∗ | 1.642 | – |
| Late bud dormancy stem flooding (n = 15) | ||||||
| Mean vessel area | 2467 ± 997 | 2847 ± 1105 | 4.727 | ∗ | 1.832 | – |
| Maximum vessel area | 4118 ± 1554 | 4452 ± 1601 | 1.894 | – | 1.987 | – |
| Vessel density | 7.49 ± 1.66 | 6.91 ± 1.08 | 0.056 | – | 1.494 | – |
| Ring width | 287 ± 125 | 401 ± 154 | 11.448 | ∗∗ | 1.475 | – |
| Budswell stem flooding (n = 14) | ||||||
| Mean Vessel area | 1797 ± 617 | 3422 ± 910 | 46.454 | ∗∗∗ | 1.653 | – |
| Maximum Vessel area | 3500 ± 1086 | 5124 ± 1180 | 23.886 | ∗∗∗ | 2.916 | – |
| Vessel density | 7.5 ± 0.17 | 6.91 ± 0.37 | 0.063 | – | 0.462 | – |
| Ring width | 303 ± 148 | 313 ± 120 | 0.170 | – | 8.904 | ∗∗ |
| Budswell root flooding (n = 14) | ||||||
| Mean vessel area | 3862 ± 1295 | 3932 ± 1126 | 0.123 | – | 1.529 | – |
| Maximum vessel area | 5486 ± 1724 | 5614 ± 1610 | 0.365 | – | 2.485 | – |
| Vessel density | 6.16 ± 0.87 | 6.50 ± 0.98 | 0.753 | – | 0.242 | – |
| Ring width | 334 ± 162 | 390 ± 181 | 0.170 | – | 5.765 | ∗ |
| Internode expansion stem flooding (n = 15) | ||||||
| Mean vessel area | 1761 ± 695 | 3394 ± 874 | 52.960 | ∗∗∗ | 0.319 | – |
| Maximum vessel area | 3230 ± 1393 | 5023 ± 1316 | 36.223 | ∗∗∗ | 0.336 | – |
| Vessel density | 6.07 ± 1.2 | 6.40 ± 0.39 | 0.753 | – | 0.384 | – |
| Ring width | 269 ± 175 | 245 ± 114 | 0.581 | – | 0.841 | – |
The mean and SD and the difference as a percentage are provided for each variable at 25- and 75-stem height. In addition, the table shows the results of mixed factorial ANOVAs with height as a within subject measure and flooding duration as a between-subject factor. F-values and their significance are provided as: ∗P < 0.05; ∗∗P < 0.01; ∗∗∗P < 0.001. The interactions of height and flooding duration were always insignificant (not shown).