. 2016 Jun 1;6(2):185–206. doi: 10.1007/s13555-016-0120-y

Table 4.

Clinical manifestations of chronic radiation dermatitis and radiation-induced fibrosis

Late reaction or complication	Clinical manifestations
Textural changes	Xerosis
	Scale
	Hyperkeratosis
Persistent poikilodermatous changes (indicate severe RT damage)	Dyspigmentation
	Atrophy
	Telangiectasia
Absence of hair follicles and sweat glands	Alopecia
Absence of hair follicles and sweat glands	Decreased or absent sweating
Destruction or permanent loss of nail appendages	Friable nails
Destruction or permanent loss of nail appendages	Longitudinal striations
Cutaneous breakdown	Epidermal atrophy
	Slow-healing, painful erosions and ulcerations
	Necrosis of soft tissue, cartilage, and bone
Cutaneous and subcutaneous tissue fibrosis	Pain, limited range of motion, contractures
Secondary malignancy	Primarily SCC and BCC