Table 3. Review of articles containing data on the refractive index of human tissues, along with corresponding experimental details.
| Human Tissue |
Number of samples | Wavelength (nm) | Ref. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Status | Pathology | |||
| Liver | Freshly excised | Normal & Malignant | 30 | 450, 532, 632.8, 964, 1,551 | This work |
| Liver | Treated(a) | – | 6(d) | 633 | [21] |
| Liver | Treated(b) | – | ≤2 | 632.8 | [16] |
| Skin | In vivo | – | 1 | 980 | [15] |
| Skin | In vivo | – | 1 | 1,300 | [7] |
| Skin | In vivo | – | 2 | 1,300 | [8] |
| Skin | Freshly excised(c) | – | 12 | 325, 442, 532, 633, 850, 1,064, 1,310, 1,557 | [22] |
| Skin | Treated(a) | – | 1 | 1,300 | [7] |
| Skin | Treated(a) | – | 4(d) | 633 | [21] |
| Kidney | Treated(a) | – | 6(d) | 633 | [21] |
| Kidney | Treated(b) | – | ≤2 | 632.8 | [16] |
| Breast | Treated(b) | Normal & Microcalcified | 2 | White light | [1] |
| Prostate | Treated(b) | Normal & Malignant | 18 | White light | [1] |
| Mesenteric adipose | Treated(a) | – | 1 | 1300 | [7] |
| Cardiac muscle | Treated(a) | – | 1 | 1300 | [7] |
| Myocardium | Treated(a) | – | 6(d) | 633 | [21] |
(a)Dehydrated/postmortem, (b)fixed, (c)under pressure ≥105 Pa, (d)three of which from fetus. This collection excludes former studies on the refractive index of human fluids (e.g., blood plasma and aqueous humor).