Table 2.
Predictors of New, Regular Prescription Sleep Medication Use
| Model I | Model II | Model III | Model IV | Model V | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | |
| Insomnia symptoms | 1.76*** | 1.64–1.89 | 1.75*** | 1.59–1.91 | 1.64*** | 1.50-.180 | 1.60*** | 1.45–1.76 | 1.61*** | 1.46–1.77 |
| Worsening insomnia | 1.47*** | 1.36–1.59 | 1.44*** | 1.32–1.58 | 1.41*** | 1.29–1.56 | 1.40*** | 1.26–1.55 | 1.40*** | 1.26–1.55 |
| Age | 1.02** | 1.00–1.03 | 1.02* | 1.00–1.03 | 1.02** | 1.01–1.03 | 1.02** | 1.01–1.04 | ||
| Female | 1.08 | 0.84–1.39 | 1.09 | 0.84–1.41 | 1.08 | 0.83–1.41 | 1.03 | 0.80–1.33 | ||
| Black | 0.83 | 0.60–1.13 | 0.78 | 0.57–1.07 | 0.74† | 0.53–1.04 | 0.79 | 0.57–1.11 | ||
| Other | 1.19 | 0.73–1.93 | 1.14 | 0.70–1.87 | 1.03 | 0.63–1.69 | 1.13 | 0.69–1.85 | ||
| Education | 0.98 | 0.94–1.01 | 1.00 | 0.96–1.04 | 1.01 | 0.97–1.05 | 1.00 | 0.96–1.04 | ||
| Household income ($10.000) | 1.00 | 0.99–1.01 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | 1.01 | 1.00–1.02 | ||
| Drinks per day | 0.98 | 0.89–1.08 | 0.97 | 0.88–1.07 | 0.98 | 0.89–1.08 | ||||
| Current smoker | 0.93 | 0.66–1.33 | 0.85 | 0.58–1.27 | 0.83 | 0.55–1.24 | ||||
| Self-reported health | 1.53*** | 1.20–1.94 | 1.38* | 1.07–1.77 | 1.40** | 1.09–1.80 | ||||
| Chronic health conditions | 1.11* | 1.01–1.22 | 1.06 | 0.98–1.15 | 1.02 | 0.94–1.11 | ||||
| Troubled with pain | 1.18 | 0.94–1.48 | 1.07 | 0.84–1.35 | 1.05 | 0.83–1.34 | ||||
| Depressive symptoms | 1.14*** | 1.07–1.22 | 1.11** | 1.04–1.18 | ||||||
| Psychiatric medication use | 1.91*** | 1.46–2.50 | ||||||||
| X 2 (df) | 259.56 (2)*** | 237.37 (8)*** | 303.08 (13)*** | 331.33 (14)*** | 497.58*** | |||||
Notes: CI = confidence interval.
Sample n: Model 1 = 8,295; Model 2 = 7,014; Model 3 =6,955; Model 4 = 6,684; Model 5 = 6,682; Wald chi-squares reported.
*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001. † p < .10.