. 2016 Jan 11;71(7):954–960. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glv227

Table 4.

Predictors of Sleep Treatment Utilization Outside of Doctor’s Recommendation

	Model I		Model II		Model III		Model IV		Model V
	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI	Odds Ratio	95% CI
Insomnia symptoms	1.06	0.92–1.23	1.09	0.92–1.28	1.04	0.89–1.22	1.03	0.89–1.20	1.04	0.89–1.21
Worsening insomnia	1.04	0.90–1.20	1.08	0.92–1.27	1.05	0.90–1.23	1.08	0.92–1.26	1.08	0.92–1.26
Age			1.02	0.99–1.04	1.02^†	1.00–1.04	1.02^†	1.00–1.04	1.02^†	1.00–1.05
Female			1.20	0.84–1.72	1.19	0.82–1.73	1.25	0.84–1.87	1.24	0.82–1.88
Black			2.77*	1.25–6.14	2.59*	1.11–6.05	2.52*	1.06–5.97	1.54*	1.07–6.03
Other			1.17	0.34–3.98	1.20	0.37–3.89	1.27	0.35–4.59	1.30	0.36–4.71
Education			0.94^†	0.89–1.00	0.96	0.90–1.02	0.97	0.91–1.03	0.97	0.91–1.03
Household income ($10.000)			1.02	0.99–1.05	1.04*	1.01–1.07	1.04*	1.01–1.08	1.04*	1.01–1.08
Drinks per day					1.00	0.83–1.19	1.02	0.84–1.24	1.02	0.84–1.24
Current smoker					1.41	0.75–2.64	1.43	0.74–2.74	1.43	0.74–2.77
Self-reported health					1.41	0.94–2.13	1.45^†	0.93–2.26	1.46^†	0.94–2.26
Chronic health conditions					1.05	0.91–1.22	1.02	0.88–1.19	1.02	0.88–1.19
Troubled with pain					1.59*	1.11–2.27	1.59*	1.10–2.32	1.58*	1.09–2.31
Depressive symptoms							1.02	0.92–1.14	1.02	0.91–1.14
Psychiatric medication use									1.12	0.67–1.88
X ² (df)	0.70 (2)		29.27 (8)***		54.98 (13)***		53.57 (14)***		59.69 (15)***

Notes: CI = confidence interval.

Sample n: Model 1 = 1,045; Model 2 = 884; Model 3 = 875; Model 4 = 841; Model 5 = 841. Wald chi-squares reported.

^† p < .10. *p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.