Table 1.
Demographic information and clinical characteristics of PD patients and healthy controls
| Variable (mean±SD) | HC(n=48) | Overall PD (n=43) | TD (n=19) | AR (n=24) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender(male/female) | 21/27 | 19/24 | 8/11 | 11/13 | 0.812 |
| Age(year) | 61.7±6.5 | 63.7±6.9 | 62.7±8.2 | 64.5±5.9 | 0.426 |
| Education(year) | 11.1±3.5 | 11.8±3.5 | 12.2±3.3 | 11.5±4.2 | 0.552 |
| MMSE | 28.4±1.2 | 28.5±1.2 | 28.6±1.4 | 28.4±1.1 | 0.508 |
| Disease Duration (year) | / | / | 4.2±3.9 | 7.0±4.5 | 0.038 |
| Hoehn and Yahr Scale | / | / | 1.5±0.7 | 2.0±0.7 | 0.023 |
| UPDRS-III score | / | / | 16.1±7.3 | 26.8±13.1 | 0.002 |
| Tremor score | / | / | 3.8±2.2 | 1.1±1.4 | <0.001 |
| AR score | / | / | 8.7±3.8 | 20.0±10.3 | <0.001 |
| NMS-Quest | / | / | 3.6±3.3 | 7.3±4.7 | 0.006 |
| ss-16 | / | / | 8.2±2.4 | 6.8±2.4 | 0.064 |
MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, UPDRS unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale, TD tremor dominant, AR akinetic rigidity, HC healthy control, NMS non-motion symptom, ss-16 smell identification test from Sniffin’Sticks; Bold, p<0.05, significantly different between subgroups.