Table II.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of survival in all 434 HCC patients with extrahepatic metastasis.
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | HR (95% CI) | P-value | HR (95% CI) | P-value |
| Gender (male) | 0.95 (0.71–1.27) | 0.741 | ||
| Age (≥65 years) | 1.06 (0.86–1.32) | 0.578 | ||
| Etiology (HCV infection) | 0.97 (0.77–1.22) | 0.807 | ||
| Child-Pugh class (B+C) | 2.76 (2.21–3.44) | <0.001 | 2.03 (1.58–2.60) | <0.001 |
| AST (≥80 U/l) | 1.18 (0.90–1.55) | 0.241 | ||
| WBC count (≥6.0×109/l) | 1.78 (1.41–2.26) | <0.001 | ||
| NLR (≥3.0) | 1.96 (1.58–2.43) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.16–1.85) | 0.002 |
| Platelet count (≥120×109/l) | 0.94 (0.76–1.17) | 0.579 | ||
| PLR (≥111.0) | 1.38 (1.11–1.71) | 0.004 | ||
| GPS (≥1) | 2.61 (2.04–3.33) | <0.001 | 1.30 (1.10–1.54) | 0.003 |
| AFP (≥200 ng/ml) | 1.81 (1.45–2.26) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.10–1.76) | 0.005 |
| DCP (≥200 mAU/ml) | 1.10 (0.99–1.23) | 0.066 | ||
| Primary tumor stagea (≥T3) | 2.88 (2.03–4.10) | <0.001 | 2.25 (1.56–3.23) | <0.001 |
| Site of extrahepatic metastasis | ||||
| Lungs | 0.92 (0.74–1.14) | 0.440 | ||
| Bones | 1.22 (0.99–1.52) | 0.065 | ||
| Lymph nodes | 0.96 (0.74–1.24) | 0.740 | ||
a
Tumor-node-metastasis classification. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; HCV, hepatitis C virus; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; WBC, white blood cell; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; GPS, Glasgow prognostic score; AFP, α-fetoprotein; DCP, des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin.