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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Reprod Toxicol. 2016 Apr 22;62:39–45. doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2016.04.022

Table 2.

Adjusted fecundability ratios for caffeinated beverage intake among 2135 female pregnancy planners, PRESTO, 2013-16.

Baseline Beverage Data
Time-Varying Beverage Data
Exposure No. of Pregnancies No. of Cycles Adjusteda FR (95% CI) No. of Pregnancies No. of Cycles Adjusteda FR (95% CI)
Caffeine (mg/day)
    <100 642 4698 Reference 691 4915 Reference
    100-199 466 3298 1.06 (0.94, 1.18) 443 3223 0.99 (0.88, 1.10)
    200-299 147 1159 0.98 (0.83, 1.17) 131 1021 0.93 (0.78, 1.11)
    ≥300 63 498 1.15 (0.90, 1.48) 53 494 0.90 (0.69, 1.18)
Regular coffee (cups/day)b
    0 436 3271 Reference 489 3364 Reference
    <1 363 2946 0.97 (0.85, 1.10) 338 3007 0.82 (0.72, 0.94)
    1 406 2523 1.21 (1.06, 1.37) 394 2428 1.09 (0.96, 1.24)
    ≥2 113 913 1.02 (0.84, 1.25) 97 854 0.84 (0.68, 1.03)
Black tea (cups/day)b
    0 942 7026 Reference 964 7078 Reference
    <1 291 1933 1.08 (0.96, 1.22) 272 1916 1.07 (0.93, 1.23)
    1 61 442 1.06 (0.83, 1.34) 62 428 1.16 (0.88, 1.52)
    ≥2 24 250 0.85 (0.58, 1.25) 20 231 0.89 (0.53, 1.48)
Green tea (cups/day)b
    0 981 7271 Reference 1006 7422 Reference
    <1 287 2018 1.03 (0.92, 1.17) 268 1891 1.06 (0.92, 1.22)
    ≥1 50 364 0.98 (0.76, 1.28) 42 340 0.97 (0.72, 1.32)
Caffeinated soda (cans/day)b
    0 712 4802 Reference 6787 5530 Reference
    <1 501 3836 0.95 (0.86, 1.06) 407 3118 0.98 (0.84, 1.16)
    1 73 725 0.85 (0.68, 1.07) 87 641 0.76 (0.57, 1.01)
    >2 32 290 0.92 (0.66, 1.28) 37 364 1.09 (0.66, 1.79)
Energy drinks (servings/day)b
    0 1226 8838 Reference 1232 8892 Reference
    >0 92 815 0.93 (0.76, 1.14) 86 761 0.95 (0.77, 1.17)
a

Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, BMI, smoking history, alcohol intake, intercourse frequency, doing something to improve chances of conception, average nightly sleep, perceived stress scale score, and average work time.

b

Additionally adjusted for other caffeinated beverages.