Table 1. Characteristics of Study Participants.
| Abruption cases | Controls | P-value*** | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 51) | (N = 51) | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Gestational Age at blood collection | 16.2 ± 1.6* | 16.1 ± 1.6 | 0.95 |
| Maternal age (years) | 30.9 ± 5.5* | 31.0 ± 5.5 | 0.91 |
| Maternal age (years) | |||
| <20 | 2 (3.9) | 1 (2.0) | 0.63 |
| 20–34 | 33 (64.7) | 37 (72.5) | |
| ≥35 | 16 (31.4) | 13 (25.5) | |
| Race | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 31 (60.8) | 41 (80.4) | 0.12 |
| African American | 4 (7.8) | 2 (3.9) | |
| Other | 14 (27.5) | 8 (15.7) | |
| Unknown | 2 (3.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Payment | |||
| Insurance or private | 38 (74.5) | 36 (70.6) | 0.79 |
| Medicaid | 9 (17.7) | 12 (23.5) | |
| Unknown | 4 (7.8) | 3 (5.9) | |
| Nulliparous | 23 (45.1) | 22 (43.1) | 0.99 |
| Unmarried | 11 (21.6) | 9 (17.7) | 0.62 |
| Cigarette smoker during pregnancy | 6 (11.8) | 4 (7.8) | 0.62 |
| Alcohol consumed during pregnancy | 7 (13.7) | 11 (21.6) | 0.44 |
| Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 24.0 ± 5.8* | 24.0 ± 6.0 | 0.99 |
| Vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy | 18 (36.7) | 5 (10.2) | 0.02 |
| Chronic hypertension | 4 (7.0) | 2 (3.9) | 0.68 |
| Preeclampsia | 2 (100.0) | 0(0.0) | — |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 34.6 ± 5.1* | 38.8 ± 2.0 | <0.01 |
| Preterm delivery (<37 weeks) | 29 (56.9) | 7 (13.7) | <0.01 |
| Preterm PROM** | 10 (19.6) | 4 (7.8) | 0.084 |
| Male infant gender | 31 (60.8) | 26 (51.0) | 0.32 |
| Infant weight (grams) | 2519 ± 1035* | 3405 ± 552 | <0.01 |
| Low birth weight (<2500 g) | 21 9 (41.2) | 2 (3.9) | <0.01 |
*Mean ± SD (standard deviation)
** Premature rupture of membranes (PROM)
***P-value for Student’s t test or Chi-Square/Fisher’s Exact test)