Table 1.
Participant characteristics (N=1,093)
| Characteristic | Value |
|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 62.5±5.3 |
| BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD | 27.1±3.6 |
| Pack-years (years), median | 40.9 (28.0–49.5) |
| (25th percentile–75th percentile) | |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 584 (53.4%) |
| FEV1 (% predicted), mean ± SD | 95.1±17.5 |
| COPD, n (%) | 412 (37.7%) |
| GOLD 1, n (% of COPD positive) | 264 (24.2%) |
| GOLD 2, n (% of COPD positive) | 125 (11.4%) |
| GOLD 3, n (% of COPD positive) | 23 (2.1%) |
| Bone density (HU value), mean ± SD | 105.9±33.3 |
| Prevalent fracture, n (%) | 95 (8.7%) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; GOLD, Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease; HU, Hounsfield Unit; SD, standard deviation.