Table 8.
Principal Component Analysis. Inequality in Geographic Endowments
| Eigenvalue | Variance Explained | Variable | Factor Loadings
|
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st PC | 2nd PC | 3rd PC | 4th PC | 5th PC | ||||
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| Panel A: Gini Coefficient GREG – All Groups | ||||||||
| 1st Principal Comp | 2.982 | 0.596 | Gini Land Quality | 0.460 | −0.133 | −0.572 | 0.647 | −0.159 |
| 2nd Principal Comp | 0.844 | 0.169 | Gini Temperature | 0.482 | −0.358 | 0.388 | 0.097 | 0.693 |
| 3rd Principal Comp | 0.746 | 0.149 | Gini Precipitation | 0.485 | 0.025 | −0.463 | −0.741 | 0.038 |
| 4th Principal Comp | 0.251 | 0.050 | Gini Sea Distance | 0.297 | 0.918 | 0.143 | 0.145 | 0.167 |
| 5th Principal Comp | 0.177 | 0.035 | Gini Elevation | 0.482 | −0.106 | 0.536 | −0.058 | −0.682 |
| Panel B: Gini Coefficient ETHNOLOGUE – All Groups | ||||||||
| 1st Principal Comp | 2.942 | 0.588 | Gini Land Quality | 0.432 | −0.423 | 0.585 | 0.496 | −0.215 |
| 2nd Principal Comp | 1.062 | 0.213 | Gini Temperature | 0.448 | −0.305 | −0.688 | 0.319 | 0.362 |
| 3rd Principal Comp | 0.551 | 0.110 | Gini Precipitation | 0.505 | −0.250 | 0.183 | −0.781 | 0.201 |
| 4th Principal Comp | 0.260 | 0.052 | Gini Sea Distance | 0.353 | 0.710 | 0.274 | 0.196 | 0.509 |
| 5th Principal Comp | 0.184 | 0.037 | Gini Elevation | 0.484 | 0.403 | −0.275 | −0.067 | −0.724 |
| Panel C: Gini Coefficient – Spatial Inequality Index | ||||||||
| 1st Principal Comp | 2.711 | 0.542 | Gini Land Qualit | 0.482 | −0.444 | 0.259 | 0.118 | 0.700 |
| 2nd Principal Comp | 1.149 | 0.230 | Gini Temperatur | 0.476 | −0.060 | −0.678 | 0.519 | −0.203 |
| 3rd Principal Comp | 0.629 | 0.126 | Gini Precipitatio | 0.497 | −0.350 | 0.360 | −0.281 | −0.650 |
| 4th Principal Comp | 0.313 | 0.063 | Gini Sea Distance | 0.306 | 0.677 | 0.504 | 0.439 | −0.042 |
| 5th Principal Comp | 0.199 | 0.040 | Gini Elevatio | 0.448 | 0.468 | −0.301 | −0.667 | 0.212 |
| Panel D: Gini Coefficient – Administrative Unit Inequality | ||||||||
| 1st Principal Comp | 2.314 | 0.463 | Gini Land Qualit | 0.484 | −0.414 | 0.428 | −0.084 | 0.637 |
| 2nd Principal Comp | 1.270 | 0.254 | Gini Temperature | 0.482 | −0.063 | −0.640 | 0.586 | 0.100 |
| 3rd Principal Comp | 0.771 | 0.154 | Gini Precipitation | 0.574 | −0.200 | 0.253 | −0.089 | −0.748 |
| 4th Principal Comp | 0.403 | 0.081 | Gini Sea Distance | 0.181 | 0.717 | 0.492 | 0.455 | 0.059 |
| 5th Principal Comp | 0.242 | 0.048 | Gini Elevation | 0.415 | 0.520 | −0.318 | −0.659 | 0.150 |
The table reports the results of the principal component analysis that is based on five measures (Gini coefficients) reflecting inequality in geographic endowments in distance to the coast, elevation, precipitation, temperature, and land quality for agriculture across ethnic/linguistic homelands (Panels A and B), pixels of 2.5 × 2.5 decimal degrees (in Panel C), and first-level administrative regions (in Panel D). Column (1) reports the eigenvalue of each principal component and column (2) gives the percentage of the total variance explained by each principal component. The other columns give the factor loadings for each of the five principal components.